脑-心互动视角下运动锻炼对冰毒依赖者的康复效应研究:来自EEG和HRV的关联性证据  

Rehabilitation Effect of Exercise on Methamphetamine Addicts from the Perspective of Brain-Heart Interaction: The Linked Evidence from EEG and HRV

作　　者：王坤 张庭然 李艳 刘恒旭 罗炯[1] WANG Kun;ZHANG Tingran;LI Yan;LIU Hengxu;LUO Jiong(Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification,College of Physical Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Sports Work Department,College of Liberal Studies,Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学体育学院运动戒毒研究中心,重庆400715 [2]重庆工业职业技术学院通识教育学院体育工作部,重庆401120

出　　处：《体育科学》2022年第12期43-54,共12页China Sport Science

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(SWU2009103)。

摘　　要：目的:运动锻炼被认为能不同程度地调控冰毒依赖者的大脑、心脏及毒品渴求度,但变量间的内在关系及影响机制尚需进一步探讨。方法:选取重庆市某戒毒教育矫治所55名男性冰毒依赖者,随机分为有氧结合抗阻组、复合式有氧组和对照组,利用脑电和心率变异性仪器分别采集依赖者在不同线索暴露任务中的前额脑区alpha波能量值和心率变异性(HRV)活性,利用视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)评估其渴求度。结果:1)12周干预后有氧结合抗阻组和复合式有氧组的毒品渴求度皆显著低于对照组;2)基线时,与中性任务相比,3个组依赖者在毒品任务中的Fz-alpha波能量值、相邻R-R间期差值均方根值(RMSSD)、标准化高频功率(HFn)均显著更低,标准化低频功率(LFn)显著更高;干预后,2个运动组在毒品任务中的Fz-alpha、F3-alpha及F4-alpha波均显著高于对照组,在毒品和中性任务中的正常窦性R-R间期的标准差(SDNN)、RMSSD和HFn均显著高于对照组,且Fz-alpha波、RMSSD、LFn及HFn已无显著性线索任务差异;2个运动组在毒品和中性任务中的前额脑区alpha波和HRV均无显著性差异;复合式有氧组在中性任务中的F3-alpha波和有氧结合抗阻组的F4-alpha波均显著高于基线水平;干预后对照组在毒品和中性任务中的前额脑区alpha波和HRV均无显著性变化;3)在毒品和中性任务中,干预后2个运动组的前额脑区alpha波与SDNN、RMSSD及HFn均呈不同程度的正相关,与LFn呈不同程度的负相关,而对照组的相关性较弱;3个组的毒品渴求度分别与前额脑区的alpha波、SDNN、RMSSD及HFn呈显著负相关,与LFn呈显著正相关。结论:急性毒品暴露会诱发冰毒依赖者额叶中线和自主神经的异常激活现象,而中等强度有氧结合抗阻和复合式有氧运动皆能改善依赖者面临刺激时前额脑区的异常激活现象,并伴随心脏自主神经由交感神经占优势转变为迷走神经占优势的�Objective:Exercise was considered to be able to regulate the brain,heart and drug craving of methamphetamine(MA)addicts,but the internal relationship and influencing mechanism of the variables needed to be further explored.Methods:Fifty-five male MA addicts in a drug rehabilitation education and correction center in Chongqing were selected.They were randomly divided into the aerobic+resistance training group,compound aerobic training group,and control group.The EEG and HRV instruments were used to collect the alpha wave energy value and HRV activity of the prefrontal brain area in different cue exposure tasks,and an analog rating scale(VAS)was used to assess cravings.Results:1)After 12 weeks of intervention,the drug cravings in the aerobic+resistance training group and the compound aerobic training group were significantly lower than those in the control group.2)Compared with the neutral task,the Fz-alpha wave energy value,RMSSD and HFn of the three groups of dependents were significantly lower in the drug task,but the LFn was significantly higher at baseline;after intervention,the Fz-alpha,F3-alpha,and F4-alpha wave of the two exercise groups in the drug task were significantly higher than that of the control group,and the SDNN,RMSSD,and HFn in drug and neutral tasks were significantly higher than that of the control group,and Fz-alpha wave,RMSSD,LFn and HFn had no significant difference in cue task;there was no significant difference in prefrontal alpha wave energy and HRV between the two exercise groups in drug and neutral tasks;the F3-alpha wave of the compound aerobic training group in the neutral task and the F4-alpha wave of the aerobic+resistance training group were significantly higher than the baseline level;there were no significant changes in the prefrontal alpha wave energy and HRV of the control group in the drug and neutral tasks after the intervention.3)In the drug and neutral tasks,the alpha wave energy value of the prefrontal brain area in the two exercise groups was positively correlated with S

关 键 词：冰毒依赖者 运动锻炼 渴求度 脑激活 心率变异性 脑-心互动 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]