新冠病毒感染疫情期间北京市临床住院医师工作压力与职业倦怠状况调查  

Investigation on Status of Work Stress and Job Burnout of Clinical Residents in Beijing During the COVID-19 Epidemic

作　　者：李烨 杨英 汪偌宁 王翔 姜辉 LI Ye(Office of Continuing Medical Education,Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing,100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部继续教育处,北京100191

出　　处：《医学与社会》2023年第4期122-126,共5页Medicine and Society

基　　金：北京大学医学部教育教学研究课题,编号为2021YB53。

摘　　要：目的:调查新冠病毒感染疫情期间临床住院医师工作压力和职业倦怠情况,为制定有效措施促进住院医师心理健康提供参考。方法:采用工作压力调查表和Maslach职业倦怠量表对北京市17家住院医师规范化培训基地的1465名临床住院医师进行问卷调查。对数据进行描述性统计分析和差异性检验,通过logistic回归分析探索职业倦怠的影响因素。结果:77.2%的住院医师工作压力不同程度增加,不同培训专业和年级的住院医师压力变化有所差异(P<0.001);工作强度大、与患者零距离接触、已有身边同事或亲人感染和其他方面压力源分别占比34.7%、30.6%、2.3%、32.5%。职业倦怠检出率为55.9%,不同专业的住院医师情绪耗竭和去个性化维度得分有所差异(P<0.001)。学历、专业和工作压力是职业倦怠的影响因素。结论:新冠病毒感染疫情期间临床住院医师工作压力增加,易引发职业倦怠,应针对不同专业特点和压力源采取相应措施以促进住院医师心理健康。Objective:To investigate the work stress and job burnout of clinical residents during the COVID-19 epidemic,so as to provide reference for formulating effective measures to promote residents'mental health.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1465 clinical residents in 17 standardized residents training centers in Beijing using the work stress questionnaire and the Maslach burnout scale.Descriptive statistical analysis and difference test were carried out on the data,and the influencing factors of job burnout were explored through logistic regression.Results:77.2%of residents had increased work stress to varying degrees,and there were differences between different majors and grades(P<0.001).High work intensity,close contact with patients,infection of colleagues or relatives,and other stressors accounted for 34.7%,30.6%,2.3%,and 32.5%,respectively.The detection rate of job burnout was 55.9%,and there were differences in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization among residents in different specialties(P<0.001).Educational background,major and job stress were the influencing factors of job burnout.Conclusion:During the COVID-19 epidemic,the work stress of clinical residents increases,which can lead to job burnout.Appropriate measures should be taken to promote residents'mental health according to different professional characteristics and stressors.

关 键 词：心理健康 住院医师 工作压力 职业倦怠 新冠病毒感染 北京 

分 类 号：R193.2[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]