“要”与形容词的共现规律及情态义研究  

The Co-Occurrence Rule of"Yao"(要)with Adjectives and its Modality Meaning

作　　者：赵志强[1] 陈满华[2] ZHAO Zhi-qiang;CHEN Man-hua(School of Humanity and Law,Hebei Normal University of Science&Technology,Qinhuangdao,Hebei,066004;School of Liberal Arts,Renmin University,Beijing,100872)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院文法学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]中国人民大学文学院,北京100872

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第2期131-136,共6页Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金项目“词汇类型学视野下《汉语大词典》释义的多维研究”(HB21YY006)。

摘　　要：和其他情态动词相比,“要”与形容词的组配能力较强,“要”的否定式与形容词共现用例在北京口语语料中很少。“要”与性质形容词的复杂形式组合较多。与“要”共现的性质形容词具有自由、可带补语、可带准宾语等特征。与“要”共现的状态形容词主要是四音节形式。整体来看,“要”与形容词共现以表示认识情态义为主,可以表示假设性推断、推断的确定性这些意义,《汉语大词典》中“要”的释义比较宽泛。Compared with other modal verbs,"Yao"is highly collocable with adjectives.The negative form of"Yao"is rarely collocated adjectives in Beijing oral corpus.There are many complex combinations of"Yao"with qualitative adjectives,and qualitative adjectives co-occurred can take a complement,a quasi-object,etc.The state adjectives co-occurred are mainly four-syllable forms.On the whole,the co-occurrence mainly expresses the cognitive modality of knowing,the meaning of hypothetical inference,and inferred certainty.The definitions of"Yao"in the Great Chinese Dictionary are relatively broad.

关 键 词：要 形容词 共现 情态义 推断确定性 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]