热塑性聚氨酯溶液组成对其黏度及所制备膜微孔结构的影响  

Effect of Composition of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Solution on Its Rheological Characteristics and the Morphology and Structure of the Prepared Membrane

作　　者：宋春菊 王海涛[1] 刘国昌 常娜[3] 郭春刚 SONG Chunju;WANG Haitao;LIU Guochang;CHANG Na;GUO Chungang(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tianjin Polytechnic University,Tianjin 300387,China;Tianjin Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization,Ministry of Natural Resources,Tianjin 300192,China;College of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin Polytechnic University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300387 [2]自然资源部天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所,天津300192 [3]天津工业大学化学工程与技术学院,天津300387

出　　处：《塑料工业》2023年第3期133-138,177,共7页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：2021年天津市科技计划项目(21ZYJDSN00130),中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(K-JBYWF-2021-ZT02,K-JBYWF-2019-T04)。

摘　　要：聚氨酯1180 A为原料,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)为溶剂,考察了不同溶剂、溶解温度、固含量对聚氨酯溶液黏度和非溶剂致相转化所制备膜微孔形貌结构的影响。结果表明:聚氨酯溶液的黏度受固含量、溶液温度、溶剂等多因素影响。其中,溶剂影响最为显著,15%固含量80℃完全溶解后,溶液的表观黏度呈NMP>DMAc>DMF的趋势。适宜溶剂条件下固含量增大黏度升高,溶解温度升高溶液黏度降低,高温下溶液的表观澄清透明。聚氨酯溶液固含量、凝胶浴不同对膜的形貌结构均有影响。在纯水、20%乙醇(EtOH)和40%EtOH中分相后膜的断面结构呈指状孔;在60%EtOH中分相后膜断面呈球粒状的双连续结构;80%EtOH中分相呈疏松的蜂窝状孔;EtOH中分相呈海绵孔。For preparing porous membrane,polyurethane 1180A was used as raw material,and N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF),N,N-dimethylacetamide(DMAc)and N-methy-2-pyrrolidone(NMP)were used as solvents.It was studied that the effects of different solvents,solution temperature and solid contents on the rheological properties of polyurethane polymer solution and the micropore morphology of the membrane prepared by non-solvent phase inversion.The results show that the viscosity of polyurethane solution is affected by many factors,such as,solid contents,solution temperature and solvent.Among them,the solvent has the most significant influence.When the 15%solid content is completely dissolved at 80℃,the apparent viscosity of the solution shows the trend of NMP>DMAc>DMF.Under suitable solvent conditions,the viscosity increases with the increasing of solid content,the viscosity decreases with the increasing of dissolution temperature,and the solution is apparent clarity and transparency at high temperature.The solid contents of polyurethane solution and gel bath have different effects on the morphology and structure of the membrane.The cross-section structure of the membrane after phase separation in pure water,20%EtOH and 40%EtOH is finger-shaped hole.After phase separation in 60%EtOH,the cross section of the membrane is spherical bicontinuous structure.80%EtOH shows loose cellular pores.EtOH is sponge pore.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 黏度 非溶剂致相分离 微孔结构 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]