道德的轻与重:道德的重量具身效应及隐喻的调节作用  

The Weight of Morality: The Weight-Morality Embodiment Effect and the Modulation Effect of the Metaphorical Association

作　　者：任维聪[1] 郑磊[2] 王汉林[1,3] Ren Weicong;Zheng Lei;Wang Hanlin(School of Education,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang,050024;Department of Psychology,Nanjing University,Nanjing,210023;Whole Education Research Base,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang,050024)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学教育学院,石家庄050024 [2]南京大学心理学系,南京210023 [3]河北师范大学全人教育研究基地,石家庄050024

出　　处：《心理科学》2023年第1期42-49,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：河北省社科基金项目(HB21JY024)的资助。

摘　　要：本研究采用行为反应时和事件相关电位(ERP)探讨道德的重量具身效应及“重量-道德”隐喻联结对该效应的调节作用。参考内隐联想测验的逻辑,采用联合分类反应任务,在默认的“重量-道德”隐喻表征情境(实验1)和道德垂直空间隐喻的启动情境(实验2)中,要求被试分别使用轻鼠标和重鼠标对道德/不道德词进行分类判断,考察鼠标重量对道德概念的加工所产生的影响。结果显示,在默认情境中,“重-道德,轻-不道德”的联合分类条件比“轻-道德,重-不道德”条件的分类反应时更短,并伴随有更大的脑电晚期正成分(LPC),而在启动道德垂直空间隐喻后,两种联合分类条件下的反应时和LPC结果出现反转。本研究结果表明道德概念的加工会受到重量经验的影响,“重量-道德”具身效应具有心理现实性,且重量概念与道德概念的隐喻联结引导并调节了这种具身效应。Previous studies of embodiment effects have suggested that these effects are directly induced by sensory-motor experiences. However, this explanation overemphasizes the influence of body states and ignores the modulation of cognitive factors, which limits the explanation of the boundary conditions and mediators of embodiment effects. One of the most well-known embodiment effects is caused by the sensation of weight. Many studies have found that the experience of weight can subconsciously impact complex cognitive activities. This study investigated the influence of weight experience on the processing of moral concept, which is the “weight-morality” embodiment effect, and especially focused on the modulation effect of the metaphorical association.A joint-classification response task was used to test the embodiment effect. The classification task included two blocks, and 80 trials in each block tested one joint-classification condition(i.e. "heavy-moral, light-immoral" vs. "light-moral, heavy-immoral" condition). In each trial, followed the fixation was a Chinese two-character word with moral or immoral valence, presented up to 3 seconds in the center of the monitor. Two identical computer mouse devices with different weights(70g vs. 200g) were used for participants to experience weight sensation and to classify the words, with the devices placed in their left and right hand respectively. Participants were required to accurately classify the moral words presented in the monitor as quickly as possible, clicking the light or the heavy mouse according to the instruction. There were breaks in each condition for the participants to exchange the mouse devices between their two hands and rest their arms. Event-related potential(ERP) data were collected. We focused on the late positive component(LPC), which has been found that the motivationally salient congruent trials elicit significantly larger LPC than do incongruent trials. In Experiment 1(N=24), the weight-morality embodiment effect was explored in the default met

关 键 词：道德 重量具身效应 隐喻联结 晚期正成分(LPC) 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]