终结本次执行程序废除论  

The Abolition on Termination of Current Enforcement Procedure

作　　者：谷佳杰[1] GU Jiajie

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学法学院

出　　处：《中国政法大学学报》2023年第2期135-146,共12页Journal Of CUPL

基　　金：重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究重点规划项目“中国共产党民事司法政策百年发展史研究”(项目批准号:22SKGH006)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：终结本次执行程序从根本上改变了我国法院对无财产可供执行案件的传统处理方式。然而,从其缘起、形成与发展的历程来看,终本程序是出于消化执行积案而设,对当事人却没有多少实质价值,仅从法院视角的考量使得其法理基础自始不足。从制度效能来看,基于终本程序结案的工具性作用与司法资源的有限性,终本程序曾经因难以被认同而出现了“虚置”的现象,存在不符合终本结案的实质要件之情形,且终本恢复执行难的问题较为突出。尽管明确了本该由债权人承担的市场风险应向债权人合理的回归,终本程序却产生了终本案件信息库中的案件不断增加与中止执行与终结执行的功能被覆盖之负面效应。只有废除终结本次执行程序,让财产调查程序前置于执行实施程序,深化改革我国的执行体制机制,实现有财产可供执行与无财产可供执行的案件分流,才能在制度层面区分执行难与执行不能,最终实现中国式现代化的强制执行制度体系。The termination of current enforcement procedure has fundamentally changed the traditional way of our courts to deal with the cases in which there is no property available for enforcement. However, from the perspective of its origin, formation and development, this procedure was set up to address the backlog of enforcement cases, and it has little substantive value for the parties. Only taking the court’s needs into consideration weakens its legal basis ab initio. From the view of system effectiveness, because of the instrumental role of the final procedure in closing cases and the limitation of judicial resources, the termination of current enforcement procedure was once difficult to be recognized and became shelved. There are situations that did not conform to the substantive elements of the termination of current enforcement procedure, and it is especially difficult to resume the enforcement. Although it is clear that the market risk that should be borne by the creditor returns to the creditor reasonably, the termination of current enforcement procedure has produced negative effects involving the increasing number of cases that are applied to this procedure and the coverage of the functions of suspension and conclusion of execution. Only by abolishing the termination of current enforcement procedure, putting the property investigation procedure prior to the enforcement procedure, deepening the reform of China’s enforcement system, and realizing the separation of cases with property and cases without property available for enforcement, can we distinguish whether it is difficult or impossible to enforce the judgement at the institutional level, and finally construct the Chinese modernization path to the compulsory enforcement system.

关 键 词：终结本次执行 执行积案 废除 财产调查 

分 类 号：D925[政治法律—诉讼法学]