菌粒阴阳学说:基于“人微共生体”探讨中医阴阳学说的学术思考  

Theory of"Bacteria and Mitochondria Representing for Yin and Yang Respectively(BMYY)":An Academic Thinking on Interpretation of Theory of Yin and Yang in Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Human and Symbiotic Microorganisms

作　　者：张成岗 ZHANG Chenggang(College of Life Sciences,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China;National Institute of Chinese Medicine Development and Strategy,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学生命科学学院,北京102488 [2]国家中医药发展与战略研究院,北京102488

出　　处：《中华中医药学刊》2023年第3期11-20,I0012,共11页Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国防科技创新特区项目(17-163-12-ZT-001-105-01);北京中医药大学高层次人才科研启动经费项目(90011451310015)。

摘　　要：中医阴阳学说是中医经典理论体系中的关键与核心内容之一,对于理解人体的生理机能和病机过程以及中医药治疗疾病具有重要意义,然而如何使用现代科学语言对其进行解读和表征,长期以来是困扰中医发展和中西医结合的难题之一。鉴于近年来学术界逐渐发现人是由人体和共生微生物尤其是肠道菌群组成的“超级共生体”,且大量慢病与肠道菌群密切相关,提示数量众多、种类繁杂的人体共生微生物可能在病因病机传变过程中具有未曾预料到的重要作用。结合此前的新发现“饥饿源于菌群”以及“呼吸源于线粒体”的新理解,在对生命起源与进化、生物学、微生物学、医学(含中医、西医和中西医结合)等领域相关知识进行深度交叉融合和综合关联分析的基础上,以学术思考的方式提出“菌粒阴阳学说”,从肠道菌群在人体相对主“阴”(简称为“菌脑主阴”)、线粒体相对主“阳”(简称为“粒脑主阳”)以及“人体主和”(即人体调控阴阳平衡)的角度进行探讨,为理解中医阴阳学说提供新思路,有助于推动传统中医理论与现代生命科学的对接与融合,促进中西医结合学科的建设与发展。The Yin and Yang theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is one of the keys and core contents in the classical theoretical system of TCM.It is of great significance for correctly understanding the physiological functions and pathogenesis of the human body and the treatment of diseases by TCM.How to use modern scientific languages to represent it has long been one of the difficult problems that have plagued the development of TCM and the integration of TCM and western medicine.In recent years,the scientific and academic community has gradually discovered that the human is a"super symbiont"composed of the human body and the symbiotic microorganisms,especially gut flora.Moreover,many chronic diseases are reported to be closely related with gut flora,suggesting that the symbiotic microorganisms may have an unexpectedly important role in etiology and pathogenesis and the process of disease transmission in human beings.Considering on the new understanding of the previous discoveries that"hunger sensation comes from gut flora"and"respiration comes from mitochondria"as the knowledges based on an in-depth comprehensive analysis on origin and evolution of life,biology,microbiology,medicine(including TCM,western medicine,and integrated TCM and western medicine),the theory of"bacteria and mitochondria represent for Yin and Yang respectively(BMYY)"is proposed in the form of academic thinking,which refers to the fact that gut flora represents for Yin in the human body(which means the"brain"composed of symbiotic microorganisms dominates Yin)and mitochondria represents for Yang(which means the"brain"composed of endosymbiotic origins of mitochondria dominates Yang),while the human body itself dominates the harmony and balance between Yin and Yang.The BMYY theory may provide new ideas for understanding the theory of Yin and Yang in TCM,help to promote the development of the TCM and integration of TCM theories and modern life sciences,and promote the construction and progress of integrated disciplines of TCM and western medicine

关 键 词：中医阴阳学说 共生微生物 肠道菌群 菌粒阴阳学说 菌脑主阴 粒脑主阳 人体主和 解码中医 中西医结合 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论]