乳酸在糖尿病认知功能障碍的作用及中医药研究进展  

Role of Lactic Acid in Cognitive Dysfunction of Diabetes and Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine

作　　者：李媛[1] 战丽彬[2,3] 周雯[1] LI Yuan;ZHAN Libin;ZHOU Wen(School of Chinese Medicine&School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,Jiangsu,China;Centre for Innovative Engineering Technology in Traditional Chinese Medicine,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang 110847,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学中医学院、中西医结合学院,江苏南京210023 [2]辽宁中医药大学中医药创新工程技术中心,辽宁沈阳110847 [3]辽宁中医药大学中医脏象理论及应用教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110847

出　　处：《中华中医药学刊》2023年第3期163-167,共5页Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(81730111);国家中医药领军人才岐黄学者支持项目(国中医药人教函〔2022〕6号)。

摘　　要：乳酸能够调控全身能量代谢的平衡,在细胞器之间和细胞之间架起糖酵解和氧化磷酸化的桥梁,还通过各种细胞和组织中表达的受体发挥多功能信号分子的作用。在大脑中在分子水平上可作为信号分子介导下游记忆相关蛋白表达,通过星形胶质细胞-神经元穿梭在长期记忆形成过程中起重要作用。近年来,乳酸被发现作为蛋白质翻译后修饰的前体可以通过赖氨酸乳酸化修饰在炎性反应、肿瘤、痴呆等疾病中发挥作用。整理归纳乳酸在糖尿病认知功能障碍(diabetes associated cognitive decline,DACD)中的作用,发现乳酸通过为神经元补充能量、调节突触可塑性、增加树突棘密度调节学习记忆能力。中医药在防治DACD过程中被发现可提高乳酸含量,但关于乳酸在中医药研究中的意义尚不清楚。因此对乳酸在DACD中发挥作用的机制进行总结和展望,推测乳酸可以通过调控乳酸化修饰进一步调控蛋白质的表达,从而为中医药治疗DACD的作用机制提供新的思路。Lactate is capable of regulating the balance of whole-body energy metabolism,bridging glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation between and within organelles,and also exerting the effects of multifunctional signaling molecules through receptors expressed in various cells and tissues.At the molecular level in the brain it may serve as a signaling molecule mediating downstream memory related protein expression,playing an important role in the process of long-term memory formation through astrocyte neuron shuttling.Recently,lactate has been found to serve as a precursor for post-translational modification of proteins and can play a role in inflammatory,cancer,dementia and other diseases through modification by lysine lactation.In this paper,we collated the role of induced lactate in diabetes associated cognitive dysfunction(DACD)and found that lactate regulated learning and memory ability by replenishing energy for neurons,regulating synaptic plasticity and increasing dendritic spine density.Traditional Chinese medicine has been found to increase lactate content during the prevention and treatment of DACD,but it remains unclear about the significance of lactate in studies of traditional Chinese medicine.Therefore,in this paper,we summarized and prospected the mechanism by which lactate played a role in DACD,and speculated that lactate can further regulate the expressions of proteins through regulating the modification of lactic acid,thus providing a new way of thinking on the mechanism of the traditional Chinese medicine treatment of DACD.

关 键 词：乳酸 乳酸化修饰 糖尿病认知功能障碍 中医药 

分 类 号：R259.872[医药卫生—中西医结合]