地下水抽出—处理的困境与破局  

Dilemmas and solution of groundwater pump and treatment technology

作　　者：赵子千 黄赳 魏坤昊 何小松[1] 潘琦 柳榭阳 ZHAO Ziqian;HUANG Jiu;WEI Kunhao;HE Xiaosong;PAN Qi;LIU Xieyang(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012;School of Environment and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护地下水污染模拟与控制重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2023年第4期562-568,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2020YFC1806503)。

摘　　要：中国部分区域地下水污染严重,抽出—处理是地下水修复常用技术,但目前其发展现状、存在问题及破解途径缺乏总结。通过总结近20年抽出—处理技术领域文章发现,处理后期出现的拖尾反弹现象及解决方案的探索是研究重点。这一现象是由水力冲刷不足和污染物界面传质慢两方面引起的。抽水井布置与抽水方式优化和注入泡沫与剪切稀化流体可以分别改变地下水流场和流体性质,强化冲刷效果,而表面活性剂可调节界面张力加快传质过程。与化学修复或生物降解技术结合,在抽出—处理后期通过加快化学试剂或营养物质传输也可以有效抑制拖尾反弹现象。总的来说,抽出—处理技术已经成熟,但拖尾反弹现象严重。廉价绿色的强化抽出药剂和技术结合互补是未来研究的重点。Groundwater pollution is serious in some regions of China,pump and treatment is a common technology for groundwater remediation,however the summary of its current development status,problems and ways to solve them are still insufficient.A summary of articles in the field of pump and treatment technology over the past 20 years indicated that the phenomenon of trailing rebounding in the late stages of treatment and the solutions exploration were the focus of research.This phenomenon was caused by both insufficient hydraulic flushing and slow mass transfer at the interface.Optimized pumping wells site,pumping methods and injection of foam,shear-thinning fluids could enhance flushing by altering the groundwater flow field and fluid properties respectively,while surfactants regulating interfacial tension could accelerate the mass transfer process.In combination with chemical or biodegradation remediation techniques,the rebound of trailing could also be effectively inhibited by accelerating chemical or nutrient transport in the later stages of pump and treatment.In general,pump and treatment technologies had been established widely,but trailing rebounding was a serious problem.The explore of cheap and green enhanced extraction agents and technologies complement each other was the focus of future research.

关 键 词：抽出—处理 拖尾 反弹 生物降解 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]