新疆维吾尔自治区精神障碍流行病学调查及影响因素研究  

Epidemiological Survey of the Prevalence and Associated Factors of Mental Disorders in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

作　　者：葛安心 张桂青[2] 蒋良[2] 邢文龙 胡敏[2] 李浩浩 孟瑶 GE Anxin;ZHANG Guiqing;JIANG Liang;XING Wenlong;HU Min;LI Haohao;MENG Yao(Shihezi University School of Medicine,Shihezi 832008,China;Department of Rehabilitation Psychiatry,First Affiliated Hospital,Shihezi University School of Medicine,Shihezi 832008,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院,新疆维吾尔自治区石河子市832008 [2]石河子大学医学院第一附属医院康复心理科,新疆维吾尔自治区石河子市832008

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2023年第19期2395-2401,共7页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：兵团科技攻关计划项目(2018AB021)。

摘　　要：背景经济社会的发展、生活方式的转变及新型冠状病毒感染疫情的发生都对人群心身健康水平产生影响,进而可能使精神障碍的患病情况发生变化。然而,目前新疆维吾尔自治区的精神障碍流行病学调查资料尚不完善。目的调查新疆维吾尔自治区北部(简称北疆)≥15岁人群的常见精神障碍患病率及影响因素,并同新疆维吾尔自治区南部(简称南疆)相关资料进行汇总与对比,得出全疆常见精神障碍患病情况,为制定相应的精神卫生规划提供科学依据。方法于2021年11月至2022年7月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样法在北疆选取居民3853例为研究对象。以社会人口学调查表、自评量表(12项一般用健康问卷、心境障碍问卷、90项症状清单等)及他评量表(汉密尔顿抑郁量表、贝克-拉范森躁狂量表、简明精神病量表等)作为调查工具,以国际疾病分类第10版(ICD-10)中的精神与行为障碍分类为诊断标准,由两名具有≥5年工作经验的精神科医师对纳入居民进行精神障碍诊断,诊断不一致者由精神科主任或副主任医师进行二次诊断。结果北疆地区常见精神障碍时点患病率为9.71%(374/3853),年龄调整率为10.07%;全疆常见精神障碍时点患病率为9.69%(750/7736),年龄调整率为9.90%。其中,心境障碍、焦虑障碍、精神分裂症、器质性精神障碍、精神发育迟滞的时点患病率分别为4.83%(374/7736)、3.63%(281/7736)、0.63%(49/7736)、0.23%(18/7736)、0.36%(28/7736)。针对北疆地区的多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:女性患心境障碍的风险是男性的1.854倍[95%CI(1.325,2.593)],25~34、35~44岁者患心境障碍的风险分别是≥65岁者的5.210倍[95%CI(1.348,20.143)]和3.863倍[95%CI(1.030,14.485)],高中/中专、大专及以上文化程度者患心境障碍的风险分别是文盲的0.199倍[95%CI(0.078,0.509)]和0.147倍[95%CI(0.056,0.388)];女性患焦虑障碍的风险是男性的1.627倍[95%CI(1.14Background Socioeconomic development,lifestyle changes and the COVID-19 pandemic all have an impact on people's mental and physical health,which may affect the prevalence of mental disorders.Currently,there is still no sufficient epidemiological information of mental disorders in Xinjiang.Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of common mental disorders among people aged 15 and above in northern Xinjiang,then compare the data with those of their counterparts in southern Xinjiang,and summarize the overall prevalence of common mental disorders in Xinjiang,providing a scientific basis for the formulation of corresponding mental health plans.Methods From November 2021 to July 2022,a multistage,stratified,random sampling method was used to select 3 853 residents from northern Xinjiang to attend a survey.General Demographic Questionnaire,and self-assessment scales(the 12-Item General Health Questionnaire,Mood Disorder Questionnaire,Symptom Checklist-90,etc.) and other assessment scales(Hamilton Depression Inventory,Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Rating Scale,Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale,etc.) were used as survey instruments.Mental disorders were diagnosed by the ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioral disorders by two psychiatrists with at least five years' working experience,or by a chief or associate chief psychiatrist when there is an inconsistency between the diagnoses made by the two psychiatrists.Results The point prevalence rate and age-adjusted rate of common mental disorders in northern Xinjiang were 9.71%(374/3 853) and 10.07%,respectively.The point prevalence rate and age-adjusted rate of common mental disorders in the whole Xinjiang were 9.69%(750/7 736)and 9.90%,respectively.The point prevalence rates of mood disorders,anxiety disorders,schizophrenia,organic mental disorders,and mental retardation in northern Xinjiang were 4.83%(374/7 736),3.63%(281/7 736),0.63%(49/7 736),0.23%(18/7 736),and 0.36%(28/7 736),respectively.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis for northern Xinjiang

关 键 词：精神障碍 患病率 影响因素分析 心境障碍 焦虑障碍 精神分裂症 新疆维吾尔自治区 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]