山东省医务工作者三孩生育意愿及影响因素研究  

Study on the willingness and influencing factors of medical workers to have three children in Shandong Province

作　　者：王艺 张昕璐 郑雅莉 索海龙 顾琳琳[1] 迟爱婧 尼玛拉姆 WANG Yi;ZHANG Xinlu;ZHENG Yali;SUO Hailong;GU Linlin;CHI Aijing;NIMA Lamu(School of Nursing,Weifang Medical University,Weifang 261053,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院护理学院,山东潍坊261053

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2023年第10期10-13,共4页China Modern Doctor

基　　金：山东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202110438010)。

摘　　要：目的 调查了解三孩政策下医务工作者的三孩生育意愿并分析其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样方法,于2021年12月至2022年3月选取山东省34所医院、基层医疗机构及公共卫生机构的327名医务工作者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、生育意愿调查表和社会支持评定量表(social support rating scale,SSRS)进行横断面调查,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析医务工作者三孩生育意愿的影响因素。结果 327名医务工作者中,有三孩生育意愿者27名(8.26%)。不同性别、所在医院等级、职称、子女照顾者的医务工作者的生育意愿比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);有生育意愿医务工作者的客观支持、主观支持及SSRS总分均显著高于无生育意愿者(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男性、夫妻双方照顾子女、三级医院、SSRS总分较高均是医务工作者三孩生育意愿的促进因素(P<0.05)。愿意生育三孩的主要主观原因是自己喜欢小孩,不愿生育三孩的主要主观原因是经济压力大。希望得到的配套保障中,被选择比例最高的是生育养育三孩补贴。结论 山东省医务工作者的三孩生育意愿较低。相关部门应加强对女性的关爱,均衡不同级别医疗机构的资源配置,提高经济及社会支持,完善补贴、保险、教育资源、托育等配套保障,合理引导医务工作者生育三孩。Objective To investigate medical workers' willingness to have three children under the three-child policy and analyze the influencing factors.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,327 medical workers from 34 hospitals,primary medical institutions and public health institutions in Shandong Province were selected as subjects from December 2021to March 2022.A cross-sectional survey was conducted by using the general information questionnaire,the fertility willingness questionnaire and social support rating scale(SSRS).Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of medical workers' willingness to have a third child.Results Among the 327 medical workers,27(8.26%) were willing to have three children.There were statistically significant differences in the fertility intention of medical workers of different genders,hospital grades,professional titles and caregivers of children(P<0.05).The objective support,subjective support and total score of SSRS of medical workers with fertility intention were significantly higher than those without fertility intention(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that male,couple care for children,tertiary hospitals and higher SSRS score were all promoting factors for medical workers to have three children(P<0.05).The main subjective reason for having three children is that they like children,while the main subjective reason for not having three children is economic pressure.Among the supporting guarantees that they hope to get,the most selected one is the subsidy for having and raising three children.Conclusion Medical workers in Shandong Province have low willingness to have three children.The relevant departments should strengthen their care for women,balance the allocation of resources in different levels of medical institutions,improve economic and social support,perfect subsidies,insurance,educational resources,tutoring and other supporting guarantees,and reasonably guide medical workers to have three children.

关 键 词：三孩政策 医务工作者 生育意愿 社会支持 

分 类 号：C924.21[社会学—人口学] R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]