环境功能模型下青少年精神障碍患者自我伤害体验的质性研究  

A qualitative study on self-harm experience of adolescents with mental disorders under environmental function model

作　　者：王娟[1] 许娇 Wang Juan;Xu Jiao(Department of Nursing,Wuhan Mental Health Center,Wuhan 430000,China;Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Ward,Wuhan Mental Health Center,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市精神卫生中心护理部,武汉430000 [2]武汉市精神卫生中心中西医结合病区,武汉430000

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2023年第8期620-625,共6页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：武汉市卫生健康科研基金资助(WX21Z43)。

摘　　要：目的基于环境功能模型下深入了解青少年精神障碍患者自我伤害的心理体验,旨在为青少年精神障碍患者护理干预措施的制订提供参考依据。方法采用描述性现象学研究方法,于2021年2—5月对14例武汉市精神卫生中心的青少年精神障碍患者进行深入访谈,采用Colaizzi的七步分析法分析访谈资料。结果提炼出4个主题12个亚主题:自我伤害行为认识偏差;心理情绪复杂:自我否认、自我厌恶,痛苦、绝望,满足、舒服感,羞耻感、病耻感,愧疚感;自我伤害的原因:家庭因素,学校因素,性格因素,精神障碍的症状因素;自我管理能力不足:情绪管理能力不足,服药依从性低,自我效能较低。结论青少年精神障碍患者自我伤害行为不容乐观,心理情绪负担较重,且自我管理能力不足,应进一步加强其自我伤害行为的干预与预防。Objective To deeply understand the psychological experience of self-harm in adolescent patients with mental disorder under environmental function model,and to provide reference for the formulation of nursing intervention measures for adolescent patients with mental disorder.Methods Descriptive phenomenology was used to conduct in-depth interviews with 14 adolescent patients with mental disorders in Wuhan Mental Health Center From February to May 2021.The interview data were analyzed by Colaizzi′s seven-step analysis method.Results There were 4 themes and 12 sub-themes:cognitive bias of self-harming behavior;psychological and emotional complexity:self-denial and self-loathing,pain,despair,satisfaction and comfort,shame,stigma,guilt;the causes of self-harm:family factors,school factors,personality factors and psychiatric symptoms factors;insufficient self-management ability:insufficient emotional management ability,low medication compliance,low self-efficacy.Conclusions The self-harm behavior of adolescent mental disorder patients is not optimistic,the psychological and emotional burden is heavy,and the self-management ability is insufficient,so the intervention and prevention of self-harm behavior should be further strengthened.

关 键 词：青少年 精神障碍 环境功能模型 自我伤害 心理体验 定性研究 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]