苯胺降解菌的筛选、降解特性及其发酵优化  

Screening,degradation characteristics,and fermentation optimization of aniline-degrading strain

作　　者：郭南南 杨传伦 张心青 蔡倩倩 周倩 张萧萧 傅英旬 田杰伟 马春峰 GUO Nannan;YANG Chuanlun;ZHANG Xinqing;CAI Qianqian;ZHOU Qian;ZHANG Xiaoxiao;FU Yingxun;TIAN Jiewei;MA Chunfeng(Chambroad Chemical Industry Research Institute Limited Company,Binzhou 256500,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河三角洲京博化工研究院有限公司,山东滨州256500

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2023年第3期983-996,共14页Microbiology China

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2018YYSP018);山东省博士后创新人才支持计划(SDBX2020021)。

摘　　要：【背景】近年来,苯胺类化合物加重了生态环境的污染,而生物法处理苯胺类废水具有较大发展潜力与广阔的应用前景。【目的】从长期受苯胺类化合物污染的活性污泥中分离获得一株能高效降解苯胺的菌株,优化其培养基及降解条件,为苯胺生物修复提供菌株与基因资源。【方法】采用平板法从富集驯化的菌株中筛选出以苯胺为唯一碳氮源和能源的高效降解菌,通过16S rRNA基因测序鉴定菌种,利用单因素筛选实验对降解条件进行优化,通过正交试验优化培养条件。【结果】筛选到一株苯胺降解菌BA-6,经鉴定为微杆菌属(Microbacterium)。菌株BA-6对初始浓度为600mg/L苯胺的日降解率可达98%以上。其高效降解的温度范围是30–37℃,pH范围是6.5–7.5。底物利用实验表明,菌株BA-6具有降解多种苯胺类化合物的能力。发酵培养基优化实验获得一种发酵培养基,活菌量高达3.06×10^(10)CFU/mL。【结论】苯胺降解菌BA-6对苯胺有较强的降解能力和环境调节能力,在修复苯胺类化合物的生态污染方面有一定的应用前景。[Background]In recent years,aniline compounds have aggravated the pollution of ecological environment,and biological treatment of aniline wastewater has great development potential and broad application prospect.[Objective]To isolate a strain that can degrade aniline efficiently from activated sludge contaminated by aniline compounds for a long term,and optimize its medium and degradation conditions to provide strain and gene resources for aniline bioremediation.[Methods]The high-efficient degrading bacteria with aniline as its sole carbon and nitrogen source and energy were screened out from the enriched and acclimated strains by plate method.The strain was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.The degradation conditions were optimized by the single factor screening test,and the culture conditions were optimized by the orthogonal experiment.[Results]An aniline-degrading strain BA-6 was screened out and identified as Microbacterium sp.The strain removed more than 98%aniline with the initial concentration of 600 mg/L within 24 h.The efficient degradation temperature and pH for the strain BA-6 were 30–37℃and 6.5–7.5,respectively.The substrate utilization test showed that the strain BA-6 had the ability to degrade many aniline compounds.The optimal fermentation medium was obtained,and the viability of the strain was up to 3.06×10^(10)CFU/mL.[Conclusion]Based on the strong abilities to degrade aniline and adjust to the environment,BA-6 strain has certain application potential in the remediation of ecological pollution of aniline compounds.

关 键 词：苯胺 微生物降解 降解特性 发酵优化 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]