进路充填采场爆破损伤深度计算及爆破参数优化  

Calculation of Blast Damage Depth and Optimization of Blasting Parameters in Drift Backfilled Stopes

作　　者：王元民 由松江 马章印 张亚鹏 詹宝山 吴蔚律 徐文彬[2] WANG Yuanmin;YOU Songjiang;MA Zhangyin;ZHANG Yapeng;ZHAN Baoshan;WU Weilyu;XU Wenbin(Songxian Shanjin Mining Co.,Ltd.;School of Energy and Mining Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing))

机构地区：[1]嵩县山金矿业有限公司 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院

出　　处：《现代矿业》2023年第3期55-60,共6页Modern Mining

摘　　要：在充填采矿法矿石回采的过程中,爆破对临近充填体的损伤较大,造成采场帮部充填体的片帮和垮落,增加了矿石的贫化损失。通过采用爆破振动监测仪对嵩县山金矿山的下向采场进路回采爆破进行持续监测,并对爆破过程进行识别;根据起爆顺序,将单次爆破循环划分为掏槽爆破、辅助爆破、边孔爆破3类。基于萨道夫斯基公式获得了不同爆破方式的振动衰减参数;根据充填体振速阈值反算,得到不同爆破方式对充填体的损伤深度,其中,边孔爆破对充填体的损伤范围影响最大,为1.64 m。基于不同爆破方式对相邻充填采场的损伤深度划分,进行了爆破参数的优化,优化后减少单次装药量11.9 kg,矿石大块率和贫化损失率均降低,增加了矿山的经济效益。In the process of ore recovery with backfilling mining method,blasting has a great damage to the adjacent backfilling,causing the caving and collapse of the backfill at the side of stope,and increas⁃ing the ore dilution loss.The blasting vibration monitoring instrument is used to continuously monitor the re⁃trieval blasting in the downward mining approach of Songxian Shanjin Mining and identify the blasting pro⁃cess.According to the initiation sequence,the single blasting cycle can be divided into three categories:cut blasting,auxiliary blasting and side blasting.The attenuation parameters of different blasting modes are ob⁃tained based on sodev's formula.According to back-calculation of the vibration velocity threshold of the backfill,the damage depth of the backfill caused by different blasting methods is obtained.Among them,the maximum impact of side hole blasting on the damage range of the backfill is 1.64m.Based on different blasting methods,the damage depth of adjacent filling stopes is divided,and the blasting parameters are op⁃timized.After the optimization,the single charge is reduced by 11.9 kg,the ore bulk rate and dilution loss rate are reduced,and the economic benefits of the mine are increased.

关 键 词：井下采场 爆破振动 损伤深度 参数优化 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]