新疆不同产区枣果品质及其对生境因子的响应  

Jujube fruit quality and its response to environment factors in Xinjiang different plantation areas

作　　者：万胜 孙佳 王磊 张虎国 于婷[1,3] 张少博 张国林 李建贵[1,3] WAN Sheng;SUN Jia;WANG Lei;ZHANG Huguo;YU Ting;ZHANG Shaobo;ZHANG Guolin;LI Jiangui(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Practice Forest Farm,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Jujube Engineering Technology Research Center,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Forest and Fruit industry Development Center,Urumqi 830099,Xinjiang,China;Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业大学实习林场,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆红枣工程技术研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [4]新疆林果产业发展中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830099 [5]浙江农林大学,浙江杭州311000

出　　处：《经济林研究》2023年第1期97-105,共9页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项“黑核桃、杏李等优良林木资源筛选与提质增效关键技术研发及示范”(ZYYD2022B15);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“红枣产业降本增值提效关键技术研发与示范”(2020A02002-1);新疆红枣产业技术体系建设专项(XJCYTX-01-03-2021)。

摘　　要：【目的】为枣选址种植的科学布局提供参考。【方法】分别对新疆10个样地枣园枣果的蛋白质、可溶性糖、可滴定酸、维生素C、类黄酮、总酚、氨基酸的含量进行了测定,计算糖酸比,并进行了相关性分析,分别采用FeSO 4容量法、扩散法、钼锑抗比色法和火焰光度法对枣园土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾的含量进行测定,使用电导率仪对土壤的pH值进行测定,采用国家青藏高原科学数据平台提取不同样地的生态环境因子数据,对枣果营养成分含量和生态环境因子进行冗余分析。【结果】各样地枣果营养品质指标均具有显著差异,蛋白质含量为0.027~0.093 mg/g,可溶性糖含量为57.857%~73.125%,可滴定酸含量为0.25%~0.70%,维生素C含量为0.333~1.409 mg/g,类黄酮含量为5.181~12.083 mg/g,总酚含量为56.073~112.383 mg/g,氨基酸含量为0.774~2.162μg/g,糖酸比为93.11~248.04,且1号样地样品的这些指标均较高。枣果中可滴定酸含量与维生素C含量呈极显著正相关关系(相关系数为0.665),与糖酸比呈极显著负相关关系(相关系数为-0.966);维生素C含量与糖酸比呈极显著负相关关系(相关系数为-0.725);类黄酮含量与总酚含量、氨基酸含量的相关系数分别为0.966和-0.643。各样地枣园土壤皆为碱性,土壤中的碱解氮匮乏,除各样地枣园土壤pH值差异较小外,其余各养分指标皆存在显著差异,且速效钾、速效磷含量总体随着海拔的降低而升高。气候条件贡献率由大到小依次为6—10月平均温差、海拔、年均温、6—10月均温;土壤因子贡献率由大到小依次为速效钾含量、碱解氮含量、有机质含量、土壤pH值、速效磷含量。【结论】海拔、气候、土壤养分等生态环境因子对枣果营养品质具有重要影响,在进行枣树种植生产布局时应充分考虑生态环境因子的差异,选择海拔较高、平均温度相对较低而温差较大,并且土�【Objective】The research aimed to provide reference for scientific layout of jujube planting.【Method】The contents of protein,soluble sugar,titratable acid,vitamin C,flavonoids,total phenols and amino acids in jujube fruits of 10 sample plots in Xinjiang were determined,the ratio of sugar to acid was calculated,and the correlation analysis was carried out.The contents of organic matter,alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in jujube orchard soil were determined by FeSO4 capacity method,diffusion method,molybdenum antimony anticolorimetric method and flame photometric method,respectively.The pH value of soil was determined by conductivity meter.The ecological environment factor data of different plots were extracted by national Qinghai-Tibet Plateau scientific data platform,and the nutrient content and ecological environment factor of jujube fruit were analyzed by redundancy analysis.【Result】There were significant differences in nutritional quality indexes of jujube fruits among different sample plots.The protein content was 0.027-0.093 mg/g,the soluble sugar content was 57.857%-73.125%,the titratable acid content was 0.25%-0.70%,the vitamin C content was 0.333-1.409 mg/g,the flavonoid content was 5.181-12.083 mg/g,the total phenol content was 56.073-112.383 mg/g,the amino acid content was 0.774-2.162μg/g,and the sugar-acid ratio was 93.11-248.04.And these indexes of plot 1 were higher.There was a significant positive correlation between titratable acid content and vitamin C content(correlation coefficient was 0.665),and a significant negative correlation with sugar-acid ratio(correlation coefficient was-0.966).There was a significant negative correlation between vitamin C content and sugar acid ratio(correlation coefficient was-0.725).The correlation coefficients of flavonoid content with total phenol content and amino acid content were 0.966 and-0.643,respectively.The soil of jujube orchards in all plots was alkaline,and the alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen in the soil

关 键 词：新疆 枣 营养品质 冗余分析 生境因子 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]