辣椒核雄性不育系pby-1形态学及生理生化特性分析  

Morphological Observation and Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of Hot Pepper Genic Male-Sterile Line pby-1

作　　者：裴红霞[1] 李生梅 武旭霞[3] 耿世伟 赖黎丽 高晶霞[1] 董心久[2] PEI Hongxia;LI Shengmei;WU Xuxia;GENG Shiwei;LAI Lili;GAO Jingxia;DONG Xinjiu(Institute of Horticulture,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Yinchuan 750002,China;Research Institute of Economic Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Hohhot vocational college,Huhehaote,010070,China;Xinjiang Tianjiao Hong'an Agricultural Technology Co.,Shihezi Xinjiang 832011,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所,银川750002 [2]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]呼和浩特职业学院,呼和浩特010070 [4]新疆天椒红安农业科技有限责任公司,新疆石河子832011

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第3期624-632,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：宁夏自然科学联合基金(2021AAC03264);宁夏回族自治区农业科技自主创新资金(NGSB-2021-8-01);新疆维吾尔自治区优秀青年科技人才培养项目(2018Q16)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)雄性不育系的形态学及生理生化的特征,为研究羊角椒雄性不育的遗传机制提供理论参考。【方法】以羊角椒核雄性不育系pby-1和保持系PBY-1为材料,观察花蕾7个时期的发育情况及盛花期的花器官,测定盛花期花粉的生活力及减数分裂、四分体及单核3个时期花蕾的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量,分析保护酶活性的变化,比较赤霉素(GA_(3))、生长素(IAA)、玉米素核苷(ZR)、茉莉酸(JA)及脱落酸(ABA)含量差异及不同内源激素的平衡关系。【结果】与野生型PBY-1相比,不育系只有花器官结构与其不同,花药干瘪,花粉无生活力。在羊角椒花蕾发育的3个时期,不育系与可育系之间在保护酶活性与内源激素含量上存在差异,其中,不育系SOD活性始终显著低于保持系,而CAT活性始终显著高于保持系,POD活性在减数分裂期和四分体时期显著低于保持系,MDA含量只有在单核时期显著高于保持系;四分体及单核时期GA_(3)含量、IAA含量高于保持系,ZR含量始终高于保持系,减数分裂期JA含量明显低于保持系,四分体时期IAA含量明显高于保持系;不育系和保持系IAA/ABA、IAA/GA_(3)、IAA/JA、IAA/ZR、ABA/GA_(3)、ABA/ZR的变化趋势不一致,且IAA/ABA的比值高于其他内源激素含量的比值。【结论】不育系保护酶活性的变化和内源激素含量的异常以及激素比值的变化可能影响了减数分裂、四分体及单核3个时期的花药内源物质和花粉活力,导致羊角椒不育系花药中花粉发育受阻、形成败育。【Objective】This project aims to explore the morphological,physio-biochemical characteristics of male sterile lines of pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)in the hope of providing a theoretical reference for revealing the genetic mechanism of male sterility of hot pepper.【Methods】The pepper nuclear male sterility line pby-1 and the maintainer line PBY-1 were used as test materials.The development of flower buds at 7 stages and the flower organs in the full blooming period were observed,and the viability of the pollen in the full blooming period was measured.The contents of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in flower buds at the three stages of meiosis number,tetrad and mononuclear were analyzed.The contents of gibberelli cacid(GA_(3)),acetic acid(IAA),zeatin riboside(ZR),jasmonic acid(JA)and abscisic acid(ABA)and the balance relationship between different endogenous hormones were compared.【Results】Compared with the wild-type PBY-1,the sterile line only differed from its floral organ structure,the anthers were shriveled,and the pollen had no viability.In the three stages of flower bud development of hot pepper,there were differences in protective enzyme activity and endogenous hormone content between the sterile line and the maintainer line.Among them,the SOD activity of the sterile line was always significantly lower than that of the maintainer line,while the CAT activity was always significantly higher than that of the maintainer line,POD activity was significantly lower than that of the maintainer line during the meiotic and tetrad period,and the MDA content was significantly higher than that of the maintainer line only in the mononuclear period.In the three periods,there were differences in protective enzyme activity and endogenous hormone content between the sterile line and the maintainer line in the development of hot pepper.Among them,the SOD activity of the sterile line was always significantly lower than that of the maintainer line,while the CAT activity was

关 键 词：辣椒 雄性不育 形态学 抗氧化物 内源激素 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]