苜蓿、大豆皮与喷浆玉米皮对藏猪的营养价值评定  

Evaluation of Nutritional Value of Alfalfa,Soybean Hull and Sprayed Corn Hull for Tibetan Pigs

作　　者：张辉耀 陈鑫艳 蔡传江[2] 刘锁珠 谭占坤 ZHANG Huiyao;CHEN Xinyan;CAI Chuanjiang;LIU Suozhu;TAN Zhankun(Animal Science College,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University,Tibetan Plateau Feed Processing Engineering Research Centre,Collaborative Innovation Centre of Ecological Grassland Animal Husbandry in Tibet Plateau,Nyinchi Tibet,860000;College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling Shanxi,712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院动物科学学院、西藏高原饲料加工工程研究中心西、藏高原生态草牧业协同创新中心,西藏林芝860000 [2]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《高原农业》2023年第2期159-168,共10页Journal of Plateau Agriculture

基　　金：西藏自治区重点研发计划(XZ202001ZY0039N);西藏农牧学院与西北农林科技大学联合基金(2452020043);2022中央支持地方高校改革发展专项资金项目KY2022ZY-01;西藏自治区自然科学基金(XZ202001ZR0024G)。

摘　　要：为降低藏猪养殖成本,对藏猪进行非常规饲料的开发,需要了解非常规饲料对藏猪的营养价值。本研究评定了三种非常规饲料(苜蓿、大豆皮、喷浆玉米皮)对藏猪的营养价值,选用平均体重35kg的健康生长期藏猪,采用单因素随机区组试验设计分为4个处理,每个处理5个重复,每个重复2头猪。4个处理的猪分别饲喂基础饲粮,以及由20%待测饲料+80%基础饲粮组成的三种试验饲粮(苜蓿饲粮、大豆皮饲粮、喷浆玉米皮饲粮)。在基础饲粮中添加0.8%硅藻土,以盐酸不溶灰分作为指示剂,测定藏猪对几种饲粮的营养物质消化率,利用套算法,计算出苜蓿、大豆皮、喷浆玉米皮对藏猪的营养价值。试验结果表明本试验饲料原料中大豆皮粗纤维含量最高,为40.02%。喷浆玉米皮粗纤维含量最低,为10.78%。喷浆玉米皮无氮浸出物(55.33%)、粗蛋白质(18.37%)、17种氨基酸含量(14.25%)最高。藏猪对喷浆玉米皮中包括粗纤维在内的养分都能有着相对较高的吸收率(47.96%),且藏猪对喷浆玉米皮中17种氨基酸表观消化率(60.04%)也与苜蓿(64.91%)差异不显著(P?0.05)。根据测定结果得出结论,在三种非常规饲料中,喷浆玉米皮品质最佳,藏猪对喷浆玉米皮综合利用效率最高。In order to reduce the breeding cost of Tibetan pigs and develop unconventional feeds for Tibetan pigs,it is necessary to understand the nutritional value of unconventional feeds to Tibetan pigs.In this study,the nutritional value of three unconventional feeds(alfalfa,soybean hulls,and shotcrete corn husks)to Tibetan pigs was evaluated.Healthy growing Tibetan pigs with an average weight of 35 kg were selected and divided into 4 groups using a single factor randomized block test design.Each treatment had 5 replicates,with 2 pigs per replicate.The four treatments included a basal diet and three experimental diets(alfalfa diet,soybean hull diet,and shotcrete corn husk diet)with 20%of the test feed and 80%of the basal diet.Diatomaceous earth was added to the basal diet at 0.8%,and hydrochloric acid-insoluble ash was used as an indicator to measure the nutrient digestibility of Tibetan pigs fed on several diets.Nutritional values of alfalfa,soybean hulls,and sprayed corn husks for Tibetan pigs were calculated using the difference method.The experimental results showed that soybean hulls had the highest crude fiber content among the feed materials tested,with a value of 40.02%,while shotcrete corn husk had the lowest crude fiber content,which was 10.78%.The shotcrete corn husk also had the highest contents of nitrogen-free extract(55.33%),crude protein(18.37%),and 17 kinds of amino acids(14.25%).Tibetan pigs had a relatively high absorption rate(47.96%)for all nutrients,including crude fiber in shotcrete corn husks.Additionally,the apparent digestibility(60.04%)of Tibetan pigs for the 17 amino acids in shotcrete corn husks was high,and no significant difference was observed with alfalfa(64.91%)(P˃0.05).Based on the test results,it was concluded that among the three unconventional feeds tested,shotcrete corn husks had the best quality,and Tibetan pigs exhibited the highest comprehensive utilization efficiency of shotcrete corn husks.

关 键 词：非常规饲料 藏猪 营养价值 

分 类 号：S828.9[农业科学—畜牧学]