阿尔茨海默病发病机制与药物治疗研究进展  

Advances in the Mechanism and Pharmacotherapies of Alzheimer's Disease

作　　者：卢彦宇 方梓庄 范洋溢[3] 王炳蔚[1] 郑瑞茂[1,4,5,6] LU Yan-Yu;FANG Zi-Zhuang;FAN Yang-Yi;WANG Bing-Wei;ZHENG Rui-Mao(Department of Anatomy,Histology and Embryology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Department of Neurology,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100034,China;Department of Neurology,Peking University People's Hospital,Beijing 100044,China;Neuroscience Research Institute,Peking University;Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of Ministry of Education;Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of National Health Commission,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学基础医学院人体解剖与组织胚胎学系,北京100191 [2]北京大学第一医院神经内科,北京100034 [3]北京大学人民医院神经内科,北京100044 [4]北京大学神经科学研究所 [5]教育部神经科学重点实验室 [6]国家卫生健康委员会神经科学重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《生理科学进展》2023年第2期81-89,共9页Progress in Physiological Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82170864,81870590,81471064,81670779);北京市自然科学基金(7162097);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1700402);北京大学优秀青年人才引进计划科研启动基金(BMU20140366);京津冀基础研究合作项目基金(H2018206641)资助课题。

摘　　要：阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)是以认知衰退和行为障碍为特征的神经退行性疾病,多发于老年人。近年来,AD发病率和死亡率上升且趋年轻化。AD病因包括:淀粉样蛋白沉积、tau蛋白聚集、载脂蛋白异常、血管病变、重金属紊乱、氧化应激及遗传因素等。淀粉样蛋白斑块聚集和神经纤维缠结是AD主要病理标志。β淀粉样蛋白(amyloidβ,Aβ)病理性累积被认为是AD发病主因之一。目前,AD仍缺乏有效疗法。本文综述AD发病机制和治疗策略相关进展,以期为AD研究与诊疗提供参考信息。Alzheimer's disease(AD),a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive decline and behavioral impairment,occurs mostly in the aging population.In recent years,the morbidity and mortality rates of AD have been increasing,and the disease onset tends to occur at a younger age.The etiology of AD is multifactorial and complex,involving aberrant deposition of amyloidβ(Aβ),tau accumulation,apolipoprotein abnormalities,cerebrovascular dysfunction,metal dysregulation,oxidative stress and genetic factors.Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are the main pathological hallmarks of AD.Aβ,the main constituent of amyloid plaques,is generally recognized as the initiating cause of AD.Currently,there are still no effective treatments for AD.Herein,this review summarizes and highlights the advances in AD pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies,in the hope of providing new insight into AD study and treatment.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 神经退行性疾病 发病机制 新药研发 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]