日粮中添加过瘤胃淀粉酶对奶牛体外发酵营养物质消失率及产奶性能的影响  

Effect of Rumen-protected Amylase Preparation on in Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Milking Performance of Dairy Cows

作　　者：杨昕涧 于柳 解祥学[1] 万荣 YANG Xin-jian;YU Liu;XIE Xiang-xue;WAN Rong(Guangdong VTR Bio-tech Co.,Ltd.,Zhuhai 519060;Dalian Jinpu New Distract Agricultural Comprehensive Law Enforcement Team,Dalian 116000;College of Agriculture and Food Engineering,Baise University,Baise 533000)

机构地区：[1]广东溢多利生物科技股份有限公司,珠海519060 [2]大连市金普新区农业综合执法队,大连116000 [3]百色学院农业与食品工程学院,百色533000

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2023年第4期9-13,共5页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：广西科技计划项目(桂科AD21075029)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究添加不同剂量过瘤胃淀粉酶对体外发酵及奶牛产奶性能的影响。体外试验采用两步法,在培养底物中添加0(对照)、0.5和1.0g/kg的过瘤胃淀粉酶,在体外发酵培养96h,以模拟瘤胃、真胃和小肠的消化过程,测定底物营养物质消失率。动物试验选择120头产奶量和泌乳天数接近的经产荷斯坦牛,分为3组,按照完全随机区组设计,将相同胎次的牛随机分配到各组中,分别饲喂0(对照)、10和20g/(头·d)的过瘤胃淀粉酶,试验期42d。体外试验结果表明:底物中添加过瘤胃淀粉酶可显著提高淀粉消失率(P<0.05),对干物质消失率无显著影响(P>0.05),但过瘤胃淀粉酶添加组数值上高于对照,且1.0g/kg添加组数值最高。动物试验表明:与对照组相比,日粮中添加20g/(头·d)过瘤胃淀粉酶组产奶量高出1.13kg/d(P<0.05);10 g/(头·d)组产奶量与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),但数值上高出对照组0.65kg/d;日粮中添加过瘤胃淀粉酶对各种乳成分含量均没有显著影响(P>0.05),但数值提高了乳成分总产量。由以上两部分试验结果可知,添加过瘤胃淀粉酶制剂会一定程度上影响体外发酵,提高营养物质中干物质和淀粉消失率;日粮中添加过瘤胃淀粉酶可提高奶牛产奶量和乳成分总量,且应用效果与添加剂量有关。The object of this experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of adding different doses of rumen-protected amylase on in vitro rumen fermentation and milking performance of dairy cows.The in vitro test was conducted by a two-step method in which 0(control),0.5 and 1.0 g/kg of the rumen-protected amylase were added to the substrate and incubated in vitro for 96 h to simulate the digestion process in the rumen,abomasum and small intestine to determine the rate of substrate nutrient disappearance.In the animal experiment,120 Holstein cows with similar milk yield and lactation days were divided into 3 groups and fed 0(control),10 and 20 g/(head-d)of rumen-protected amylase for 42 d.The in vitro test results showed that the addition of rumen-protected amylase to the substrate significantly increased the starch disappearance rate(P<0.05)and no significant effect on the dry matter disappearance rate(P>0.05),but the enzyme preparation addition group was higher than the control numerically,and the highest value was in the 1.0 g/kg group.The animal test showed that the milk production was significantly higher in the 20 g/(head-d)group by 1.13kg/d compared with the control(P<0.05);the production in the 10 g/(head-d)group was not significantly different from the control(P>0.05),but was higher than the control numerically by 0.65kg/d.The addition of rumen-protected amylase to the diet had no significant effect on the content of milk quality(P>0.05),but numerically increased the total milk component yield.In conclusion,the addition of rumen-protected amylase can improve the disappearance rate of dry matter and starch in vitro and increase the milk production and total milk components of cows,and it is related to the doses of rumen-protected amylase,and the recommended doses is 20 g/(head-d).

关 键 词：过瘤胃淀粉酶 体外发酵 产奶性能 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823.4[农业科学—畜牧学]