照料父母的老年人的抑郁症状及相关因素  

Depressive symptoms and related factors in the elderly who earing for their parents

作　　者：孙金明[1] 韩琼漫 程艳彬[2] 孙丹阳 SUN Jinming;HAN Qiongman;CHENG Yanbin;SUN Danyang(School of Social Development,Langfang Nomial University,Langfang 065000,Hebei Piovince,China;School of Liberal Arts and Sciences,North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering,Langfang 065000,Hebei Province,China;National Survey Re­search Center,Ren min University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]廊坊师范学院社会发展学院,河北廊坊065000 [2]北华航天工业学院文理学院,河北廊坊065000 [3]中国人民大学中国调查与数据中心,北京100872

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2023年第5期388-392,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：2021年国家社会科学基金项目——失能老人家庭照料负担及社区支持研究(21CRK002)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨照料父母的老年人的抑郁症状及相关因素。方法:使用中国老年社会追踪调查数据,选取年龄≥60岁、正在为父母提供照料的老年人1436名。采用流调中心抑郁量表(CES-D)测量抑郁症状(得分≥14分为有抑郁症状),通过身体负担、时间负担、经济负担测量照料负担。采用多元线性回归分析探讨抑郁症状的相关因素,采用交互作用分析检验社区服务使用的调节效应。结果:照料父母的老年人CES-D得分为(13.8±3.4),抑郁症状检出率为48.9%。年龄≥70岁、自评不健康、自评健康一般、文盲和小学受教育程度、有身体负担、有经济负担与CES-D得分正向关联(β=0.09、0.15、0.10、0.12、0.10、0.13、0.08),有配偶、高收入、使用社区服务与CES-D得分负向关联(β=-0.10、-0.15、-0.10);社区服务使用负向调节CES-D得分与身体负担之间的关系(β=-0.09)。结论:年龄越大、无配偶、自评健康较差、受教育程度较低、低收入、有身体负担、有经济负担的照料者的抑郁症状的风险较高,使用社区服务有助于降低身体负担导致的抑郁症状风险。Objective:To explore the depressive symptoms and related factors in elderly who caring for their parents.Methods:Based on the data of China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey,1436 elderly caregivers aged≥60 were selected who were providing care for their parents.Depression symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression(CES-D),with 14 as the cutoff point,and the care burden was measured by physical burden,time burden and economic burden.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the relat­ed factors affecting depressive symptoms,and interaction analysis was used to test the moderating effect of commu­nity services use.Results:The CES-D score of the elderly who caring for their parents was(13.8±3.4),and the detection rate of depressive symptoms was 48.9%.The CES-D scores were positively correlated with the age of≥70 years old,self-rated unhealthy,self-rated average health,illiteracy,primary school education,physical burden,and financial burden(β=0.09,0.15,0.10,0.12,0.10,0.13,0.08).The CES-D scores were negatively correla­ted with having a spouse,high income,and using community services(β=-0.10,-0.15,-0.10).Community services use negatively moderated the relationship between CES-D scores and physical burden(β=-0.09).Con­clusion:Caregivers with older age,no spouse,poorer self-rated health,less education,lower income,physical burden and financial burden may be at higher risk for depressive symptoms,and the use of the community services could help alleviate the risk of depressive symptoms caused by physical burden.

关 键 词：照料父母的老年人 抑郁症状 照料负担 社区服务使用 

分 类 号：R749.41[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]