2716例儿童青少年精神障碍住院患者疾病构成及临床特征分析  

Analysis of disease composition and clinical features of 2716 inpatients with mental disorders in children and adolescents

作　　者：刘志伟 杨荣春[1] 孙亮 张静静[1] 刘云[1] LIU Zhiwei;YANG Rongchun;SUN Liang;ZHANG Jingjing;LIU Yun(Department of Psychiatry,the Third People's Hospital of Fuyang,Fuyang,Anhui 236015,China)

机构地区：[1]阜阳市第三人民医院精神科,安徽阜阳236015

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2023年第4期646-649,共4页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：安徽省医疗卫生重点专科建设项目[(皖卫函[2021]273号)];阜阳市儿童青少年心理健康科研项目(FY2020xg14);安徽省卫生健康委科研项目(AHWJ2021a035)。

摘　　要：目的 分析阜阳市某医院精神科儿童青少年精神障碍住院患者疾病分类及临床特点。方法 采用回顾性调查方法,查阅2019年1月1日—2021年12月31日阜阳市某医院住院患者中年龄≤18岁的精神障碍患者的病历资料,收集入组对象的性别、年龄、住院天数、主要诊断等人口学及临床资料。采用SPSS 22.0统计学软件进行数据分析。结果 (1)总体2 716例儿童青少年住院患者最常见5类疾病诊断为:抑郁障碍958例(35.3%)、精神分裂症及其他原发性精神病性障碍807例(29.7%)、双相障碍236例(8.7%)、焦虑障碍201例(7.4%)及神经发育障碍173例(6.4%)。2019—2021年儿童青少年住院患者占全院总体患者的比例分别为5.8%(817/14 084)、7.5%(608/8 112)、9.8%(1 291/13 140)。(2)与开放病房患儿比较,封闭病房患儿年龄较大,男性占比较高、住院时间较长。(3)与青少年组比较,儿童组患者平均住院时间较长、开放病房占比较高(P<0.001)。结论 儿童青少年精神障碍患者总体住院率较高,且逐年上升。儿童青少年精神障碍住院患者以抑郁障碍、精神分裂症及其他原发性精神病性障碍为主。Objective To analyze the disease composition and clinical characteristics of inpatients with child and adolescent mental disorders in a hospital of Fuyang.Methods The medical records of inpatients with mental disorders aged≤18 years in a hospital in Fuyang from January 1,2019 to December 31,2021 were reviewed retrospectively.Demographic and clinical data including gender,age,days of hospitalization and primary diagnosis were collected for data analysis using SPSS 22.0.Results(1)A total of 2716 children and adolescents were collected.The five most common diseases were diagnosed as depressive disorder(958 cases,35.3%),schizophrenia and other primary psychotic disorders(807 cases,29.7%),bipolar disorder(236 cases,8.7%),anxiety disorders(201 cases,7.4%)and neurodevelopmental disorders(173 cases,6.4%).In 2019—2021,the inpatients of children and adolescents accounted for 5.8%(817/14084),7.5%(608/8112)and 9.8%(1291/13140)of the total hospital patients,respectively.(2)Compared with the patients in the open ward group,the children in the closed ward were older,with a higher proportion of males and a longer hospital stay.(3)Compared to the adolescent group,the average length of hospital stay was longer and the proportion of open wards was higher in the children group(P<0.001).Conclusion The overall hospitalization rate of children and adolescents with mental disorders is high,and is increasing year by year.Inpatients with mental disorders in children and adolescents are mainly characterized by depression disorder,schizophrenia,and other primary psychiatric disorders.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 住院患者 精神障碍 疾病构成 特征分析 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]