高校创新创业教育“内卷化”的困境表征与“破卷”之道  

Involution of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Colleges and Universities:Predicament Features and Their Countermeasures

作　　者：孙剑萍[1] 汤兆平[1] SUN Jianping;TANG Zhaoping(East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330013)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《现代教育管理》2023年第3期92-102,共11页Modern Education Management

基　　金：江西省教育科学“十四五”规划重点项目“‘双创’背景下高校创新创业教育内卷化隐忧及去内卷化策略研究”(21ZD038)。

摘　　要：高校创新创业教育的“内卷化”微观层面表现为师生个体非理性竞争下的低效努力,宏观层面表现为高校创新创业教育体系总体上的无内生之活力,中观层面表现为高校创新创业教育范式上的无跃迁之维持。其“内卷”是价值取向偏离下的本真目标错置与异化、资源稀缺与需求激增下的非理性与内耗型竞争、价值转换困局下的路径依赖与积重难返、数量繁荣背后的本体功能及社会功能弱化与自我锁定等内外部驱动因素共同作用的结果。“破卷”应从评价体制重构、教育功能重塑、动力机制革新、优化发展环境四方面入手,以最大程度释放创新潜力和创造活力。The involution of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities is manifested as the individual inefficient efforts of teachers and students under the irrational competition at the micro-level,and without endogenous vitality in the whole innovation and entrepreneurship education system in colleges and universities at the macro-level,as well as a maintenance without transition on the paradigm of the innovation and entrepreneurship education at the meso-level.Its involution is the result of the combined internal and external driving factors,such as the misalignment and alienation of true goals under the deviation of value orientation,the irrational and internal consumptive competition under the scarcity of resources and the surge of demand,the path dependence and the accumulated difficulties to reverse under the dilemma of value transformation,and the function weakening and self-locking of the ontological function and social function behind the quantity prosperity.To break the involution,we should start from four aspects:reconstruction of evaluation system,reconstruction of education function,innovation of dynamic mechanism and optimization of the development environment,so as to release the innovation potential and creative vitality to the greatest extent.

关 键 词：高校创新创业教育 内卷化 创新素质 创业技能 能力培养 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]