社会支持及心理复原力与大学生创伤后应激障碍的关联  

Relationship between social support and psychological resilience and post-traumatic stress disorder in college students

作　　者：任春华 陈效飞 潘日余 REN Chunhua;CHEN Xiaofei;PAN Riyu(School of Teacher Education,Anqing Normal University,Anqing(246011),Anhui Province,China)

机构地区：[1]安庆师范大学教师教育学院,安徽246011

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第3期407-410,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：安徽省人文社会科学重点项目(SK2020A0295);安徽省科研重点项目(2022AH051025);安庆师范大学研究项目(2020aqnujyxm39)。

摘　　要：目的了解大学生创伤后应激障碍(post-traumatic stress disorder,PTSD)的发生特点,探讨心理复原力在社会支持与创伤后应激障碍间的作用。方法采用直接抽选法选取安徽、上海两地高校572名大学生,采用一般特征调查表、创伤后应激障碍量表平民版(the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version,PCL-C)、心理韧性量表(Psychological Resilience Scale,PRS)、社会支持评定量表(Social Support Rating Scale,SSRS)进行问卷调查。结果25.0%的大学生有一定程度PTSD症状,11.7%有较明显PTSD症状,PTSD的阳性检出率为36.7%。大学生有较明显PTSD的检出率男生高于女生,大三学生高于其他3个年级,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为4.31,16.81,P值均<0.05)。大学生社会支持得分为(33.79±4.83)分,心理复原力得分为(92.17±13.39)分,PTSD得分为(35.50±11.39)分,各变量两两之间相关性均有统计学意义(r=-0.49~0.76,P值均<0.05);中介效应检验结果发现,社会支持既可以直接负向预测PTSD(直接效应为-0.35),又可以通过心理复原力间接影响PTSD(间接效应为-0.32)。结论大学生存在一定程度或者严重程度PTSD症状的比例较高,心理复原力在社会支持和大学生的PTSD间起中介作用,即社会支持既能直接负向预测PTSD,又可以通过提升个体的心理复原力间接影响PTSD。Objective To investigate the characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)in college students during the outbreak of COVID-19,and to explore the mediating role of psychological resilience between social support and PTSD.Methods By using direct selection method,572 college students in Anhui and Shanghai were selected and administered with General Characteristics Questionnaire,the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C),Psychological Resilience Scale(PRS)and Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).Results Among the participants,25.0%had moderate PTSD symptoms,11.7%had obvious PTSD symptoms,and the positive rate of PTSD was 36.7%.The prevalence of PTSD in college students was higher in males than in females(χ^(2)=4.31,P<0.05).The junior students were higher than other students(χ^(2)=16.81,P<0.01).The scores of social support,psychological resilience and PTSD were(33.79±4.83),(92.17±13.39)and(35.50±11.39),respectively.The correlations of all variables were statistically significant(r=-0.49-0.76,P<0.05);The mediation test showed that social support could not only negatively predict PTSD directly(direct effect was-0.35),but also indirectly affect PTSD through psychological resilience(indirect effect was-0.32).Conclusion More than one third of college students have PTSD symptoms,and psychological resilience plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between social support and PTSD,social support can both directly and negatively predict PTSD and indirectly affect PTSD by increasing an individual's psychological resilience.

关 键 词：社会支持 精神卫生 应激障碍 创伤后 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] B844.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]