16世纪伊比利亚人征服美洲空间的初始解释和理由  

Initial Interpretation and Justification of the Iberians in the Conquest of the American Space in the 16th Century

作　　者： 姜玉妍(译) Carlos Alfonso Franco Gil;Jiang Yuyan

机构地区：[1]委内瑞拉国家历史中心 [2]南开大学世界近现代史研究中心和拉丁美洲研究中心

出　　处：《世界近现代史研究》2022年第2期97-113,349,共18页Studies of Modern World History

摘　　要：16世纪的美洲征服是从历史上理解欧洲文明和本土文明碰撞之后国家、社会和文化建设的关键之一。在殖民阶段,这些文明逐渐转变,以巩固美洲人的各种观点,在17世纪西班牙和葡萄牙人统治的大陆地区,这些观点将大放异彩。正是出于这个原因,我们基于文化史中的理论和方法工具,准备通过文献和史学资源,分析前美洲想象的破裂过程,包括后来被称为美洲的欧洲—伊比利亚社会和前哥伦布社会,认识到征服过程的正当理由来自中世纪的欧洲想象和哲学,这些想象和哲学由于面临16世纪西方的伊比利亚基督徒所不知道的人类和自然现实而被迫逐渐改变,新的人类和自然现实颠覆了既定的想法,并培养了在殖民阶段将要形成的新场景的形式。The conquest of America during the 16th century was one of the primordial keys to historically understand the construction of the state,society and culture that would emerge after the collision of European and native civilizations,which were progressively transformed to consolidate the idea of the American in its various views in the colonial stage that would have its splendor in the areas of the continent administered by the Spanish and Portuguese in the 17th century.It is for this reason that this this article,based on the theoretical and methodological tools derived from Cultural History,analyzes the process of rupture of the pre-American imaginary through documentary and historiographic resources,both of the European-Iberian and pre-Columbian societies that would later be known as America,understanding that the very justification of the conquest process arose from a medieval European imaginary and philosophy,which was forced to change gradually in view of being confronted with human and natural realities unknown to the Iberian-Christians of the western sixteenth century,which overturned settled ideas and fostered forms that would allow understanding the new scenarios that were to be constituted during the period indicated.

关 键 词：美洲史 美洲征服 文化史 异质性 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]