六种农药对黑斑侧褶蛙的毒理效应  

Toxicological effects of six pesticides on Pelophylax nigromaculatus

作　　者：程宏毅[1] 郑善坚[1] 程福珍 蒋佳佳 张招旭 田俊策[2] 郑荣泉[1,3] CHENG Hongyi;ZHENG Shanjian;CHENG Fuzhen;JIANG Jiajia;ZHANG Zhaoxu;TIAN Junce;ZHENG Rongquan(Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Conservation Utilization,Jinhua 321004,China;Xingzhi College,Zhejiang Normal University,Lanxi 321100,China;Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学野生动物生物技术与保护利用省重点实验室,浙江金华321004 [2]浙江省农业科学院,浙江兰溪321100 [3]浙江师范大学行知学院,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期189-195,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31772482);浙江省重点研发资助项目(2019C02049,2021C02044);浙江省自然基金重点资助项目(LZ17C030001)。

摘　　要：稻-蛙种养是一种绿色农业的发展模式,为了筛选高效低毒农药,优化稻-蛙种养体系,为农药的合理使用与两栖动物资源保护提供基础资料,测定了6种农药对农田常见的黑斑侧褶蛙的毒理效应.结果表明:在水温(25±1)℃条件下施毒96 h后,对黑斑侧褶蛙的毒害作用由强到弱依次为阿维菌素、戊唑醇、毒死蜱、氰氟草酯、吡虫啉和噻虫嗪;以稻田常用农药吡虫啉和戊唑醇为实验试剂进行生长毒性实验后发现,黑斑侧褶蛙生长发育随着这2种农药质量浓度和作用时间的增加而减缓,表明这2种农药在黑斑侧褶蛙体内有一定的蓄积作用,短时间就可以对蛙的生长发育造成较大的影响;不同天数及不同浓度的染毒组都可以激活黑斑侧褶蛙体内的氧化应激机制,低浓度吡虫啉和戊唑醇处理后,黑斑侧褶蛙的过氧化氢酶(CAT)酶活降低、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量下降;升高2种农药浓度,该抑制现象更为显著,机体自由基清除和抗氧化防御系统被破坏,同时丙二醛(MDA)含量显著上升,引起生物体内蛋白质和核酸等交联聚合,产生毒害作用.研究结果可为稻-蛙综合种养体系的完善提供参考依据.In order to screen the pesticide with high efficiency and low toxicity,optimize the frog-rice symbio-sis system,and provide basic data for the rational use of pesticides and the protection of amphibian resources,the toxicological effects of 6 pesticides on Pelophylax nigromaculatus were studied.The results of acute toxicity test showed that at the water temperature of(25±1)℃for 96 hours,the toxic effects on Pelophylax nigromac-ulatus from strong to weak were abamectin,tebuconazole,chlorpyrifos,cyfluthrin,imidacloprid and thiame-thoxam.The growth toxicity experiments were carried out with imidacloprid and tebuconazole,two pesticides commonly used in rice fields.It was found that the growth and development of Pelophylax nigromaculatus decreased with the increase of the concentration and the time of action of the two pesticides.The results also showed that these two pesticides accumulated in the body of the frog,had a great effect on its growth and development in a short time.In the aspect of antioxidation,the oxidative stress mechanism all could be activated in different days of reaction and concentrations of toxic groups.After low concentrations of imidacloprid and tebuconazole,the activity of catalase decreased.The inhibition phenomenon was more significant,when the concentration of two pesticides increased,which resulted in the destruction of free radical scavenging and antioxidant defense system,along with the significant increase of the content of malondialdehyde,it could cause cross-linking polymerization of protein and nucleic acid in organism,and could also produce toxic effect.The results could provide a reference basis for the improvement of the frog-rice symbiosis system.

关 键 词：黑斑侧褶蛙 农药 急性毒性 生长发育 抗氧化系统 

分 类 号：Q955[生物学—动物学]