基于拉曼光谱仪搭建的项目式实验设计  

Project experiment based on the self-constructed Raman spectrometer

作　　者：赵浩[1] 郭鑫[1] 吴忠云[1] 徐金荣[1] 杨玲[1] 郑俊荣[1] ZHAO Hao;GUO Xin;WU Zhongyun;XU Jinrong;YANG Ling;ZHENG Junrong(College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学化学国家级实验教学示范中心化学与分子工程学院,北京100871

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2023年第3期201-205,共5页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(NSFC-21627805);北京大学教学改革项目(JG21010155)。

摘　　要：基于搭建一款低成本、可重复组装拆解、具有良好分辨率的拉曼光谱仪这一核心内容,设计了一个项目式实验。实验内容包括:利用最基础的光学元件搭建光谱仪;利用搭建的光谱仪测试系列胺类化合物以及水和重水的拉曼光谱,并分别结合Gaussian计算和一维谐振子模型对胺类化合物中N-H键的拉伸振动变化进行分析,对水和重水中羟基键的力常数进行计算;解释化学键OD比OH强的原因,揭示量子力学零点能对化学键强弱的影响。此外,要求学生通过查阅文献,选择感兴趣的研究方向自行进行探索性实验设计。该实验项目开展五年来,取得了良好的教学效果。We design a project experiment based on the core content of building a low-cost Raman spectrometer with an excellent frequency resolution that can be repeatedly disassembled and reassembled.The experiment contents include:Students build the spectrometer with basic optical components provided;Using their own spectrometer,they take Raman spectra of a series of amines、water and Deuterium oxide;Raman spectra combined with Gaussian calculation and one-dimensional harmonic oscillator model are used to analyze the N-H stretch vibrations of the amine compounds,and to calculate the force constants of hydroxyl bond in water and Deuterium oxide;The results serve as experimental evidence to explain why the chemical bond OD is stronger than OH,revealing the importance of the zero point energy in determining the strength of a chemical bond.Finally,students are encouraged to design experiments that interest them based on literature review.The experimental project has achieved good teaching results since it was launched for five years.

关 键 词：拉曼光谱 实验教学 自行搭建仪器 项目式实验 

分 类 号：O6-339[理学—化学]