黑格尔与辩证法问题上的“古今之争”——基于伽达默尔《黑格尔的辩证法》展开的学术钩沉  

Hegel and the quarrel between ancient and modern"on dialectics--An academic reflection based on Gadamer's Hegel's Dialectics

作　　者：傅永军[1] 宋凯丞 Fu Yongjun;Song Kaicheng

机构地区：[1]山东大学哲学与社会发展学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《东岳论丛》2023年第4期91-99,191,192,共11页DongYue Tribune

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国经典诠释学基本文献整理与基本问题研究”(项目编号:21&ZD054)。

摘　　要：黑格尔将辩证法问题上的“古今之争”处理成“古今之辨”,通过差异比较、沟通对话,融汇古今辩证思维于一体,形成包含肯定和否定两个维度的概念辩证法。概念辩证法统合认识中运动着的绝对精神以及绝对精神对自身的反思,揭示人的主观思维形式的逻辑进展与绝对精神自身的辩证进展之间的同一性,并基于概念间的内在关系形成了一个完备的思辨逻辑体系。辩证法执定思辨的逻辑而遗忘了语言,概念间的理性推演取代了语言对事物的言说。伽达默尔则认为,事物在语言中存在,以话语方式呈现。辩证法就是在问与答的对话中说出事物自身的话语方式。伽达默尔重新确立了语言在辩证法中的核心地位,为对话辩证法赢得了尊严。Hegel treated the“Quarrel between the ancients and Moderns”in dialecti ics as“the distinction between the ancients and Moderns”Through comparison of differences,communication and dialogue,he integrated the dialectical thinking of the ancients and moderns into one,forming a conceptual dialectics containing both positive and negative dimensions.Conceptual dialectics integrates the absolute spirit moving in cognition and the reflection of absolute spirit on itself,reveals the identity between the logical progress of human's subjective thinking form and the dialectical progress of absolute spirit itself,and forms a complete system of speculative logic based on the internal relations between concepts.Dialectics insists on speculative logic and forgets language,and the rational deduction between concepts replaces the speech of things.Hegel's views were criticized by Gadamer.For Gadamer,things exist in language and are presented as words.Dialectics is the way of saying things themselves in the dialogue of asking and answering.Gadamer re-established the central position of language in dialectics and won the dignity of dialogic dialectics.

关 键 词：黑格尔 “古今之争” 概念辩证法 语言 对话辩证法 

分 类 号：B516[哲学宗教—外国哲学]