内源性空间线索有效性对老年人视听觉整合的影响  

Effects of endogenous spatial cue validity on audiovisual integration in older adults

作　　者：高玉林 唐晓雨 刘思宇 王爱君[4] 张明 GAO Yulin;TANG Xiaoyu;LIU Siyu;WANG Aijun;ZHANG Ming(Department of Psychology,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China;School of Psychology,Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center of Children and Adolescents Healthy Personality Assessment and Cultivation,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China;Ningbo Polytechnic,Ningbo 315800,China;Department of Psychology,Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,China;Department of Psychology,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China;Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems,Okayama University,Okayama 700-8530,Japan)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学心理学系,长春130012 [2]辽宁师范大学心理学院,辽宁省儿童青少年健康人格评定与培养协同创新中心,大连116029 [3]宁波职业技术学院,浙江宁波315800 [4]苏州大学心理学系,心理与行为科学研究中心,江苏苏州215123 [5]苏州科技大学心理学系,心理与行为科学研究中心,江苏苏州215009 [6]日本国立冈山大学健康系统统合研究院,冈山700-8530

出　　处：《心理学报》2023年第5期671-684,共14页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：教育部人文社科项目(22YJC190005,22YJC190020);国家自然科学基金(31871092);日本学术振兴会(JSPS)基础研究项目(20K04381);苏州大学人文社科青年交叉团队(2022)资助。

摘　　要：视听觉整合是将视觉和听觉信息整合成为统一、连贯且稳定的知觉过程。研究采用内源性线索−靶子范式,探讨了不同内源性空间线索有效性对老年人视听觉整合的影响,以及不同线索有效性条件下老年人和青年人视听觉整合的差异。结果表明,(1)无论线索有效性的高低,老年人的视听觉整合均弱于青年人;(2)低线索有效性(50%)条件下,老年人和青年人在有效线索条件下视听觉整合效应均与无效线索条件下没有差异;(3)中线索有效性(70%)条件下,老年人在有效线索条件下视听觉整合效应与无效线索条件下没有差异,青年人在有效线索条件下视听觉整合效应显著高于无效线索条件;(4)高线索有效性(90%)条件下,老年人和青年人在有效线索条件下视听觉整合效应均显著高于无效线索条件。研究结果支持了空间不确定性假说,并且进一步揭示了内源性注意与视听觉整合的交互作用,明确了不同线索有效性条件下内源性空间注意定向收益的不同是导致老年人与青年人视听觉整合差异的原因之一。Audiovisual integration is the integration of visual and auditory information into a unified,coherent and stable perceptual process.Although endogenous spatial attention can promote audiovisual integration in youth,studies have found differences in endogenous spatial attention between older adults and youth.It is unclear how endogenous spatial attention affects audiovisual integration in older adults and how audiovisual integration differs between older adults and young adults under endogenous spatial attention conditions.In this study,using the endogenous cue-target paradigm,three experiments investigated how endogenous spatial attention affects the audiovisual integration of elderly individuals under 50%(Experiment 1),70%(Experiment 2),and 90%(Experiment 3)conditions.A mixed 2(participant type:elderly vs.young)×2(cue type:valid cue vs.invalid cue)×3(target stimulus type:A vs.V vs.AV)experimental design was used.The visual stimulus was a 2°×2°red(RGB:234,86,97)and yellow(RGB:247,200,125)intersecting meta−pattern,the auditory stimulus was a 1600 Hz,60 dB sinusoidal tone presented by ear headphones,and the audiovisual stimulus was visual and auditory stimuli presented simultaneously on the same side.The gaze screen was presented for 500 ms,followed by a cue screen for 200 ms.The cue was an arrow pointing left or right.After a time interval of 600 ms,the target stimulus(A vs.V vs.AV)was presented in a box on the left or right side for 100 ms.Before the experiment,participants were informed that the cue validity was 50%for Experiment 1,70%for Experiment 2,and 90%for Experiment 3 and were asked to judge the orientation of the target stimulus and to press the(N/M)key quickly and accurately.From the reaction time results,it is clear that the reaction time of elderly people is significantly slower than that of younger people.From the relative amount of multisensory response enhancement(rMRE)and race model results,we can see that(1)audiovisual integration was weaker in older adults than in younger adults regardles

关 键 词：内源性空间注意 视听觉整合 老年人 线索有效性 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]