基于星点位置预测的线阵全站仪天文测量异常数据剔除方法  

A method of removing abnormal data from linear array total station astronomical measurement based on star position prediction

作　　者：张旭[1,2] 张超 詹银虎[1] 毛庆洲[2,3] ZHANG Xu;ZHANG Chao;ZHAN Yinhu;MAO Qingzhou(Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;Hubei Luojia Laboratory,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]信息工程大学地理空间信息学院,河南郑州450001 [2]武汉大学遥感信息工程学院,湖北武汉430079 [3]湖北珞珈实验室,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《测绘学报》2023年第4期571-578,共8页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42074013,41971413)。

摘　　要：针对天文测量仪器小型化、自动化的发展趋势,本文提出了一种基于线阵式国产全站仪的天文测量数据处理方法。首先,介绍了星点质心提取方法和观测时刻计算方法;然后,分析了数据粗差的产生原因,提出了一种基于星点位置预测的粗差剔除方法;最后,设计并开展了两次野外试验,对比粗差剔除前后的定位精度。结果表明,经粗差剔除后,单时段间定位结果较为稳定,且8个时段的定位中误差小于±0.3″,满足一等天文测量要求;同一测站4个夜间联测的平均天文经度与准确值之差为0.23″,平均天文纬度与准确值之差为0.61″。相较于传统天文测量仪器,本文方法不仅实现了小型化、自动化及精准化,且摆脱了人眼观测的束缚,观测效率提升了一倍。Aiming at the trend of miniaturization and automation of astronomical surveying instruments,this paper proposes a method for astronomical surveying data processing based on linear array total station.First,the methods for star centroid extraction and observation epoch determination are introduced.Then,the causes of gross errors are analyzed,and a method for gross error elimination based on star centroid prediction is proposed.Finally,two field experiments are designed and conducted,and the positioning accuracies are compared before and after the gross error elimination.The results show that the single-period positioning results are relatively stable after the gross errors are eliminated,and the mean square error of 8-period positioning result is less than±0.3″,which meets the requirements of first-class astronomical measurement.At the same station,after four-night joint measurement,the errors of astronomical longitude and latitude are reduced to 0.23″and 0.61″,respectively.Compared with traditional astronomical surveying instruments,our method not only achieves miniaturization,automation,and precision,but also avoids human-eye observation,which doubles the observation efficiency.

关 键 词：线阵相机 天文测量 粗差剔除 内符合精度 外符合精度 

分 类 号：P222[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]