京津风沙源治理工程区土地利用/覆盖变化对生态系统水源涵养服务的影响  

Effects of land use/cover changes on water retention services in the Beijing-Tianjin Sandstorm Source Control Project Area

作　　者：武海岩 赵媛媛 杜林芳[3] 迟文峰[4] 丁国栋 高广磊 Wu Haiyan;Zhao Yuanyuan;Du Linfang;Chi Wenfeng;Ding Guodong;Gao Guanglei(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing 100083,China;School of Soil and Water Conservation,Yanchi Research Station,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Center,Beijing 101160,China;College of Resources and Environmental Economics,Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics,Hohhot 010070,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,水土保持国家林业局重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学水土保持学院,宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,北京100083 [3]北京节能环保中心,北京101160 [4]内蒙古财经大学资源与环境经济学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010070

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2023年第4期88-100,共13页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41971130);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(PTYX202122、PTYX202123)。

摘　　要：【目的】水源涵养服务是与人类关系最为密切的生态系统服务之一,也是评估区域生态环境效益的重要指标。本研究以水源涵养量为指标,探究京津风沙源治理工程实施的生态效益。【方法】采用区域土地利用/覆盖和气象数据,量化了2000−2018年土地利用/覆盖变化和同期水源涵养量动态,进而评估了土地利用/覆盖变化对水源涵养服务的影响。【结果】(1)京津风沙源治理工程区自西北向东南依次以草地、耕地、林地覆盖为主,水源涵养量自西北向东南递增;(2)2000−2018年,林地总体增加了14.22%,区域水源涵养量总体也呈现增加趋势,晋北山地丘陵区、燕山丘陵山地水源保护区、科尔沁沙地、鄂尔多斯高原和大兴安岭南部区等增幅相对较大;(3)区域生态系统水源涵养服务随不同时期、亚区分布和地类转换而存在差异,林地水源涵养服务量最高,且在各亚区均占主导地位;(4)2000−2010年,全区内草地向林地转移对水源涵养量增加的贡献最大,达49.32×10^(8) m^(3),大面积草地转为林地使大兴安岭南部区水源涵养量增加最为显著,达16.11×10^(8) m^(3);(5)2010−2018年,全区内仍是草地向林地转移对水源涵养量增加的贡献最大,达3.87×10^(8) m^(3),荒地开垦、造林、种草对涵养水源的贡献集中作用于鄂尔多斯高原南部区,增加了1.31×10^(8) m^(3),退耕还林和草地向林地转移对燕山丘陵山地水源保护区贡献最大,达1.84×10^(8) m^(3)。【结论】京津风沙源治理工程实施以来,退耕还林、荒地造林、草地治理等措施使研究区水源涵养服务有效提高,引起水源涵养量增加的土地利用/覆盖转移类型主要为未利用土地向林、草地转移和草、耕地向林地转移,地类转移对水源涵养量增加贡献最大的区域主要为大兴安岭南部区、燕山丘陵山地水源保护区和晋北山地丘陵区等东南部区域。区域土地利用/覆盖�[Objective]Water retention is one of the most important ecosystem services closely related to human beings,and it is also an important index to evaluate the regional ecological environment benefits.This study took the amount of water retention as an index to explore the ecological benefits of the implementation of the Beijing-Tianjin Sandstorm Source Control Project Area(BTSSCPA).[Method]We evaluated the effects of land use/cover change on water retention services using regional land use/cover and meteorological data from 2000 to 2018.[Result](1)The land use/cover in the BTSSCPA indicated a spatial heterogeneity with large area of grassland,cropland and woodland,and the amount of water retention increased from northwest to southeast.(2)From 2000 to 2018,forest land increased by 14.22%,and the amount of regional water retention also showed an increasing trend.The increase was relatively large in mountainous and hilly area in northern Shanxi Province of northern China,water conservation zone of Yanshan Mountain region,Horqin Sandy Land,Ordos Plateau of northern China and southern Greater Hinggan Mountains of northeastern China.(3)The water retention service of regional ecosystem varied with different periods,sub-regional distribution and land type transformation,and the water retention service of woodland was the highest,and it was dominant in all sub-regions.(4)From 2000 to 2010,the transfer of grassland to woodland made the greatest contribution to the increase of water retention,reaching 49.32×10^(8) m^(3).The conversion of a large area of grassland to woodland increased the water retention capacity most significantly in the southern Greater Hinggan Mountains,reaching 16.11×10^(8) m^(3).(5)From 2010 to 2018,the transfer of grassland to woodland made the greatest contribution to the increase of water retention,reaching 3.87×10^(8) m^(3).The contribution of reclamation,afforestation and grass planting of wasteland to water retention concentrated on the southern Ordos Plateau,increasing by 1.31×10^(8) m^(3).Ret

关 键 词：京津风沙源 土地利用/覆盖 水源涵养 退耕还林 时空格局 

分 类 号：S774[农业科学—森林工程]