石墨烯对杉木无性系根际土壤酶活性和微生物多样性的影响  

Effects of Graphene on Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Diversity in Rhizosphere of Cunninghamia lanceolata Seedlings

作　　者：邱静雯 章进峰 张筱 魏永平 陈爱玲 赵建国[5] 叶义全[1,4] 曹光球 QIU Jingwen;ZHANG Jinfeng;ZHANG Xiao;WEI Yongping;CHEN Ailing;ZHAO Jianguo;YE Yiquan;CAO Guangqiu(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fu’zhou 350002,China;Yong’an State-owned Forest Farm,Yong’an 366000,China;Qinling National Botanical Garden,Xi’an 710404,China;National Forestry and Grassland Chinese Fir Engineering Research Center,Fu’zhou 350002,China;Institute of Carbon Materials,Shanxi Datong University,Da’tong 037009,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建省永安国有林场,福建永安366000 [3]秦岭国家植物园,陕西西安710404 [4]国家林业草原杉木工程技术研究中心,福建福州350002 [5]山西大同大学炭材料研究所,山西大同037009

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2023年第2期243-251,共9页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2201304)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同浓度石墨烯处理对杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)幼苗根际土壤酶活性和微生物多样性的影响,为杉木优质苗木的高效培育提供参考。【方法】以1年生“洋061”杉木无性系为研究对象,通过盆栽试验,在施加复合肥30 g的基础上,分析30 mg/L(T1)、25 mg/L(T2)、20 mg/L(T3)石墨烯处理对杉木幼苗根际土壤酶活性及微生物多样性差异,并进行相关性及RDA分析。【结果】随着石墨烯浓度的增加,其对杉木幼苗根际土壤脲酶、硝酸还原酶、亚硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺酶活性抑制作用增强,均呈现低促高抑的趋势。T3处理4种酶活性分别比对照高6.87%、59.32%、2.65%、12.75%,表现为T3>T2>CK>T1,不同处理之间硝酸还原酶达显著性差异(P<0.05);石墨烯处理后,杉木幼苗根际土壤微生物多样性总体高于对照,表现为T3处理下的微生物多样性指数最高;其中,细菌的Shannon、Simpson指数在不同浓度处理与对照之间差异不显著(P>0.05),而T3、T2处理真菌的Shannon、Simpson指数分别比对照提高18.39%、11.53%,T1则降低了14.75%,大小排序为T3>T2>CK>T1,与对照差异显著(P<0.05)。细菌的Chao1、Ace指数除T1外,与对照达显著性差异(P<0.05);相较细菌多样性而言,石墨烯对真菌多样性的影响更加显著。相关性分析表明,硝酸还原酶活性与细菌chao1和ace指数呈极显著正相关,脲酶活性与真菌shannon指数呈显著正相关,亚硝酸还原酶活性与真菌shannon和simpson指数呈显著正相关,而硝酸还原酶活性与真菌4种多样性指数呈显著或极显著相关,土壤脲酶、硝酸还原酶是引起微生物多样性变化的重要因子。【结论】20 mg/L石墨烯能够提升杉木幼苗根际土壤酶活性和微生物多样性,促进养分的周转,提高杉木幼苗对养分的吸收利用,从而最终促进杉木幼苗的生长。[Objective]This study aims to explore the effects of different concentrations of graphene on the enzyme activities and microbial diversity in rhizosphere soil of Cunninghamia lanceolata seedlings,thus providing reference for the efficient cultivation of high-quality Cunninghamia lanceolata seedlings.[Method]Taking one-year-old Cunninghamia lanceolata clone“Yang 061”as the research object,a pot experiment was conducted on the basis of applying 30 g compound fertilizer to every treatment,the effects of 30(T1),25(T2),20 mg/L(T3)graphene on soil enzyme activities,as well as microbial diversity were analyzed,the correlation and RDA analysis were also performed.[Result]With the increase of graphene concentration,the activity of urease,nitrate reductase,nitrite reductase and glutaminase in rhizosphere soil of cunninghamia lcunninghamia seedlings was enhanced,which showed a trend of promoting low level and inhibiting high level.The activities of four enzymes in T3 treatment were 6.87%,59.32%,2.65%and 12.75%higher than those in the control respectively,which showed a pattern of T3>T2>CK>T1,there was a significant difference in nitrate reductase activity among different treatments(P<0.05);After graphene treatment,the rhizosphere soil microbial diversity of cunninghamia lcunninghamia seedlings was generally higher than that of the control,the highest microbial diversity index was found in T3 treatment.Among them,the Shannon and Simpson indices of bacteria were not significantly different among different concentration treatments and controls(P>0.05),while the Shannon and Simpson indices of T3 and T2 treated fungi were increased by 18.39%and 11.53%,T1 was decreased by 14.75%,and the size order was T3>T2>CK>T1,which was significantly different from the control(P<0.05).The Chao1 and Ace indices of bacteria except T1 were significantly different in the control(P<0.05).The effect of Graphene on fungal diversity was more significant than that on bacterial diversity.Correlation analysis showed that nitrate reductase activity wa

关 键 词：杉木 石墨烯 根际土壤 土壤酶活性 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]