湖南地区8个紫苏品种的主要特征特性分析  

Analysis on Main Characteristics of Eight Perilla frutescens Varieties in Hunan Area

作　　者：傅淋 马杰[1] 李庠[1] 贺璐 王永波[1] 曾潜[1] 肖才升[1] 龚红玉 FU Lin;MA Jie;LI Xiang;HE Lu;WANG Yong-bo;ZENG Qian;XIAO Cai-sheng;GONG Hong-yu(Hunan Cotton Research Institute,Changde 415101,PRC;Hunan Xiangye Hongjie Food Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410100,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖南省棉花科学研究所,湖南常德415101 [2]湖南湘野红姐食品有限公司,湖南长沙410100

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2023年第3期16-20,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省中药材产业技术体系项目(2019-2023)。

摘　　要：近年来,市场上紫苏叶的需求量逐年增长,为加快推动紫苏种植推广及高效利用,选择8个目前在湖南广泛栽培的叶用紫苏品种进行了主要特征特性的比较分析。结果表明:8个紫苏品种平均株高为155.2~171.3 cm,zs-1最高,zs-3最矮;叶长为8.0~14.2 cm,zs-3最长,zs-8最短,叶宽为7.3~13.7 cm,zs-3最宽,zs-1、zs-8最短,叶色紫色为主;花顶生或腋生,红紫色,花枝数量为289~425个,zs-2最多,zs-3最少;其中,zs-2的总酚、可溶性蛋白和挥发油含量均为最高,可作为藿香正气等药用成分开发的原材料;zs-5的黄酮、总酚、可溶性蛋白、膳食纤维和挥发油含量均较高,既可作药用又可用于食品加工;zs-4、zs-6的各组分含量相对较高,具有较高的综合利用价值;zs-8的总三萜含量相对最高,具有开发三萜类成分的潜力。分析认为品种改良、优化种植方式和开发不同用途的产品是该领域今后的重点研发方向。In recent years,the market demand for Perilla frutescens leaves has been increasing.In order to accelerate the planting and efficient utilization of Perilla frutescens,eight leaf-purpose varieties(zs-1-zs-8)of Perilla frutescens widely cultivated in Hunan have been selected for comparative analysis of main characteristics.The results show that,for the eight Perilla frutescens varieties,the average plant height is from 155.2 cm(zs-3)to 171.3 cm(zs-1);the leaf length is from 8.0 cm(zs-8)to 14.2 cm(zs-3);the leaf width is from 7.3 cm(zs-1;zs-8)to 13.7 cm(zs-3);the leaf color is mainly purple;they have terminal or axillary flowers in reddish purple,with 289(zs-3)-425(zs-2)inflorescences per plant;zs-2 has the highest contents of total phenols,soluble proteins and volatile oil(62.15 mg/g,28.71 mg/g and 1.02%),which can be used as raw material for the development of medicinal ingredients such as Huoxiang Zhengqi;zs-5 is of high contents of flavonoids(30.23 mg/g),total phenols(45.53 mg/g),soluble proteins(27.58 mg/g),dietary fiber(117.4 g/kg)and volatile oil(1.01%),which can be used for both medicinal and food processing;zs-4 and zs-6 are relatively high in each component content,having high comprehensive utilization values;zs-8 has the highest total triterpene content(2.92%),showing the potential to develop triterpenoids.It is suggested that varietal improvement,planting method optimization and products development for different uses will be the key research and development directions in the future.

关 键 词：紫苏 叶用型 营养成分 活性成分 

分 类 号：S567.219[农业科学—中草药栽培]