伺服电机双泵驱动动臂能耗特性实验研究  

Experimental study on energy consumption characteristics of servo motor double pump drive boom

作　　者：侯思敏 HOU Si-min(School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学机械与运载工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《机电工程》2023年第4期494-501,共8页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(52075358)。

摘　　要：传统的伺服电机驱动单变排量泵系统的稳定性较差,同时因其节流损失大,会引起系统的能耗过高,针对这些问题,对37 t液压挖掘机动臂差动缸系统的动臂能耗特性进行了研究。首先,根据双泵驱动动臂控制的工作原理,给出了“伺服电机和双定排量液压泵相结合,共同驱动动臂差动缸系统”的方案,推导出了差动缸的数学模型,利用UG软件建立了液压挖掘机的三维机械模型;然后,进一步在仿真软件SimulationX中,建立了37 t液压挖掘机动臂系统的仿真模型;最后,对变转速伺服定量泵直控差动缸系统的位置、速度控制特性以及能耗特性进行了仿真研究;为了验证上述仿真模型的有效性,搭建试验样机进行了实验,并将所得的实验结果与模型仿真结果进行对比分析。实验结果表明:在空载工况和带载工况下,动臂差动缸输出能耗分别降低了约40%和44%;与空载工况相比较而言,带载工况下的提升阶段,动臂运行时间缩短了1 s,下放阶段延长了0.5 s,整个工作周期时间减少了0.5 s。研究结果表明:系统的能耗与运行特性符合预期结果。Aiming at the problem of high energy consumption caused by poor stability and large throttling loss of traditional servo motor driven single variable displacement pump system,the differential cylinder system of 37 t hydraulic excavator boom was studied.Firstly,according to the working principle of double pump driving boom control,the scheme of combining servo motor and double constant displacement hydraulic pump to drive the differential cylinder system of boom together was given.The mathematical model of traveling cylinder was deduced,and the three-dimensional mechanical model of hydraulic excavator was established by UG software.Then,the simulation model of 37 t hydraulic excavator boom system was established in the simulation software SimulationX.Finally,the position,speed control characteristics and energy consumption characteristics of the variable speed servo direct control differential cylinder system were simulated and verified by experiments.In order to verify the effectiveness of the above simulation model,a test prototype was built for experiments,and the experimental results were compared with the model simulation results.The experiment results show that the output energy consumption of the boom differential cylinder is respectively reduced by about 40%and 44%in the no-load and on-load conditions.Comparing with the no-load working condition,in the lifting phase under the load working condition,the operation time of the boom is shortened by 1 s,and the lowering phase is prolonged by 0.5 s.The whole working cycle time is reduced by 0.5 s.The results show that the energy consumption and operation characteristics of the system are in line with the expected results.

关 键 词：液压挖掘机 单变排量泵系统 泵控系统 位置/速度特性 节流损失 差动缸 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TU621[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]