机器视觉驱动的行人乱穿马路的安全性分析  

Analysis on Safety of Pedestrians’Jaywalking Driven by Machine Vision

作　　者：牛雨晨 朱文英[1] 迟焱恒 汪勇杰 高超 NIU Yu-chen;ZHU Wen-ying;CHI Yan-heng;WANG Yong-jie;GAO Chao(School of Transportation Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an Shaanxi 710064,China;Shaanxi Huidetong Municipal Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an Shaanxi 710086,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学运输与工程学院,陕西西安710064 [2]陕西汇德通市政工程有限公司,陕西西安710086

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2023年第2期214-220,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71801020);教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(18YJC630168);陕西省社会科学基金项目(2019S012);陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划项目(20JZ016);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(300102341621)。

摘　　要：为了研究道路中段人车交互的安全性,比较不同类型车辆与行人交互的安全性,选取了西安市科技路上3处易发生行人乱穿马路的道路中段及两处有人行横道的道路中段,采用无人机拍摄道路中段行人与车辆交互行为,使用YOLOv3和Deep-Sort机器视觉算法处理视频获取轨迹数据,对轨迹数据作对比分析,从车速、让行比例、决策点位置和决策点速度对不同类型车辆与行人交互的安全性进行了比较,并使用D-V模型对不同路段的人车交互安全性进行评价和比较。结果表明:大比例的机动车不愿意给乱穿马路的行人让行,其中私家车选择不让行的比例是最高的,达到了62.85%;不同类型车辆的决策点位置和速度是不同的,公交车在让行时与行人的距离最近,为12.80 m,出租车和私家车的让行距离相对较远,均大于20 m;私家车在让行时的速度最大,达到了40.79 km;在3类机动车中,出租车与乱穿马路的行人交互时安全性最高,而私家车更容易与乱穿马路的行人发生“风险交互”,另外与人行横道处的人车交互安全性对比发现,3类车辆的让行情况均好于乱穿马路,即人行横道和车让人标志一定程度上提高了行人交互安全性。In order to study the safety of pedestrian-vehicle interaction in the middle of road and compare the safety of different types of pedestrian-vehicle interaction,selecting 3 middle sections where pedestrians are likely to jaywalk and 2 middle sections with pedestrian crossings on Xi’an Science and Technology Road,the videos of the pedestrian-vehicle interaction in these middle sections are taken by UAV,the videos are processed by using YOLOv3 and Deep-Sort machine vision algorithms to obtain the trajectory data The trajectory data are compared and analyzed.The safety of different types of vehicle-pedestrian interaction is compared in terms of vehicle speed,yielding ratio,decision point location and decision point speed,and the safeties of pedestrian-vehicle interaction on different road sections are evaluated and compared by using D-V model.The result shows that(1)a large proportion of motor vehicles are unwilling to give way to jaywalking pedestrians,with the proportion of private cars choosing not to give way being the highest,at 62.85%;(2)the locations and speeds of the decision points of different vehicle types are different,with buses having the closest distance to pedestrians when giving way at 12.80 m,while taxis and private cars having relatively longer distances to give way,both greater than 20 m;(3)the private cars have the highest speed when giving way,reaching 40.79 km/h;(4)among 3 types of motor vehicles,taxis have the highest safety when interacting with pedestrians crossing the road,while private cars are more likely to have“risk interactions”with pedestrians jaywalking.In addition,the safety of interaction with pedestrians and vehicles at crosswalks is compared.It is found that the giving way conditions of the 3 vehicle types are better than those of jaywalking,i.e.,crosswalks and vehicle signs improved the safety of pedestrian interaction to a certain extent.

关 键 词：交通工程 过街安全 D-V模型 行人 乱穿马路 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]