冷藏条件下土样保存时间对甲螨(甲螨亚目)和跳虫(弹尾纲)类物种分离的影响  

Effects of soil different preservation time on the soil animals separationresults of Oribatida and Collembola by low temperature storage

作　　者：杜志琦 孟庆繁[1] 冯立超 葛佳荣 黄劲斌 史晶晶 李洪锐 岑祖才 DU Zhiqi;MENG Qingfan;FENG Lichao;GE Jiarong;HUANG Jinbin;SHI Jingjing;LI Hongrui;CEN Zucai(College of Forestry,Beihua University,Jilin 132013,China;College of Agricultural,Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University,Jilin 132101,China)

机构地区：[1]北华大学林学院,吉林吉林132013 [2]吉林农业科技学院农学院,吉林吉林132101

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期213-218,共6页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家科技基础工作专项项目(2014FY110600)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究土壤在低温储存条件下,不同储存时间对土壤动物分离效果的影响,为土壤动物的大量采集与分离提供参考。【方法】于2018年10月6日在吉林市松花湖自然保护区天然蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)林,采用5点采样法钻取不同深度的土壤,置于4℃冰箱内储存,分别于采集当日、7、14、21、28天,对土样内动物样品(甲螨亚目(Oribatida)与弹尾纲(Collembola)类物种,下文统称为甲螨与跳虫)采用Berlese-Tullgren分离法分离,在显微镜下对分离得到的甲螨和跳虫根据形态学特征进行种属鉴定。【结果】随土样保存时间的延长,甲螨、跳虫的个体数和物种数总体呈下降趋势;相同保存时间、不同土壤深度下,甲螨与跳虫的种类差异显著(P<0.05),总体呈下降趋势;在枯落物层收集到的甲螨与跳虫,其物种数量与5、10、15 cm土层下的物种数量差异显著,也呈现下降趋势。【结论】冷藏条件下土壤保存时间延长会降低中型土壤动物的分离效率,甲螨在土壤采集当天分离效果最好,而跳虫分离基本不受土壤冷藏保存时间的影响;甲螨和跳虫的收集主要在枯落物层,土壤深度增加,土壤动物减少。【Objective】This research aims to explore the effects of different storage time on the separation effects of soil animals under the condition of soil low temperature storage,so as to provide a reference for a large number of collection and separation of soil animals.【Method】On October 6,2018,the natural Mongolian oak(Quercus mongolica)forest in Songhua Lake Nature Reserve,Jilin City,the soil at different depths was drilled by the five point sampling method,brought back to the laboratory and stored in the indoor 4℃refrigerator.The Berlese⁃Tullgren method was used to separate the soil animal samples of Oribatida and Collembola on the same day,7,14,21 and 28 days later.The species and genera of Oribatida and Collembola were determined according to the morphological characteristics under the microscope.【Result】With the increase of preservation time,the individual number and the number of species of soil animals of Oribatida and Collembola showed a downward trend;Under the same preservation time and different depths,the species of Oribatida and Collembola had significant differences with other depths(P<0.05),and showed a downward trend.The number of species of Oribatida and Collembolan collected in litter layer was significantly different from that in 5,10 and 15 cm soil layers(P<0.05),and also showed a downward trend.【Conclusion】Increasing the soil preservation time under cold storage will reduce the separation efficiency of medium⁃sized soil animals.The separation effect of Oribatida is the best on the day of soil collection,and the isolation of Collembola was not affected by soil storage time.Oribatida and Collembola animals were mainly collected in the litter layer.The soil depth increased while the soil animals decreased.

关 键 词：低温储藏 森林土壤 土壤动物 保存时间 甲螨亚目 弹尾纲 

分 类 号：S154.5[农业科学—土壤学] S714.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]