不同能量饲料和含水量对薯渣混贮发酵效果的影响  

Effects of Different Energy Feeds and Moisture Content on Fermentation of Mixed Silage of Energy Feed-Potato Residue

作　　者：邹松岩 申瑞瑞 李秋凤[1,2] 吴春会 王明亚[1] 曹玉凤 高艳霞[1,2] 李建国 ZOU Songyan;SHEN Ruirui;LI Qiufeng;WU Chunhui;WANG Mingya;CAO Yufeng;GAO Yanxia;LI Jianguo(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Hebei Baoding 071000,China;Institute of Cattle Science,Hebei Agricultural University,Hebei Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北农业大学养牛科学研究所,河北保定071000

出　　处：《饲料工业》2023年第8期35-41,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助[CARS-37];河北省二期现代农业产业技术体系肉牛创新团队高效养殖岗位建设项目[HBCT2018130202]。

摘　　要：研究旨在评价不同原料和含水量对薯渣混贮发酵效果的影响,并筛选出适宜的含水量和混贮组合。采用双因素完全随机试验设计,将薯渣与玉米皮(SY)、薯渣与大豆皮(SD)、薯渣与玉米皮和大豆皮(SYD,薯渣与能量饲料比例为1:2,玉米皮与大豆皮鲜重比例为1:1)进行发酵,设置低、中、高水分含量(45%、55%、65%),80 d后测定发酵品质、营养品质及48 h瘤胃降解率及有氧稳定性。结果表明:从感官评定、营养品质、发酵品质来看,中水分(55%)SY组感官品质最佳,pH、氨态氮/总氮(AN/TN)较低,乳酸(LA)含量较高,粗蛋白质(CP)含量极显著增加(P<0.01),中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量极显著降低(P<0.01),淀粉营养物质的保存量提高,且各组均未检测到丁酸(BA)。从有氧稳定性来看,各组均未发生有氧腐败,有氧稳定性时间均超过360 h。中水分(55%)SD组48 h干物质(DM)瘤胃降解率及NDF、ADF降解率较高。从感官评定、营养品质、发酵品质来看,以薯渣与玉米皮混贮品质最佳,薯渣与玉米皮和/或大豆皮混合青贮时以含水量为55%时品质较好;从营养物质瘤胃降解率看以薯渣与大豆皮混贮品质最佳。The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of different raw materials and water con⁃tent on the fermentation effect of potato slag-energy feed mixed silage,and to select the suitable water content and mixed silage combination.Two-factor complete randomized design was adopted to ferment potato dregs and corn husks(SY),potato dregs and soybean husks(SD),potato dregs and corn husks and soybean husks(SYD)(the ratio of potato dregs to energy feed was 1􀏑2,and the fresh weight ratio of corn husks to soybean husks was 1􀏑1).Three moisture contents were set:low,medium and high moisture(45%,55%and 65%).After 80 days,the fermentation quality,nutritional quality,rumen degradation rate and aerobic stability were measured.The results showed that in terms of sensory evaluation,nutritional quality and fermentation quality,the SY group with medium moisture(55%)had the best sensory quality,lower pH,ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen(AN/TN),higher lactic acid(LA)content,no butyric acid(BA),and crude protein(CP)content was significantly increased(P<0.0l).The contents of neutral deter⁃gent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)were significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the re⁃tention of starch nutrients was increased.In terms of aerobic stability,no aerobic decay occurred in each group,and the aerobic stability time was more than 360 h.The 48 h rumen degradation rate of dry matter(DM),the degradation rates of NDF and ADF were higher in the medium water(55%)SD group.In terms of sensory evaluation,nutritional quality and fermentation quality,the mixed silage quali⁃ty of potato dregs and corn husks is the best,and in the mixed silage of potato dregs and corn husks and/or soybean husks,the quality is better when the water content is 55%.From the rumen degradation rate of nutrients,the mixed silage quality of potato dregs and soybean husk is the best.

关 键 词：薯渣 玉米皮 大豆皮 发酵品质 营养成分 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]