木质纤维素降解真菌菌株筛选及对玉米秸秆的生物降解研究  

Screening of lignocellulose degrading fungal strains and their biodegradation of corn straw

作　　者：安琪 员瑗 戴玉成[2] 韩美玲 AN Qi;YUAN Yuan;DAI Yucheng;HAN Meiling(College of Life Sciences,Langfang Normal University,Langfang 065000,Hebei,China;School of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]廊坊师范学院生命科学学院,河北廊坊065000 [2]北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院,北京100083

出　　处：《菌物学报》2023年第3期782-792,共11页Mycosystema

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(31900009)。

摘　　要：以8株野生白腐真菌为研究对象,用愈创木酚筛选培养基对这些菌株进行产木质素酶能力的初筛,并探究初筛后所得菌株在玉米秸秆固态发酵时的漆酶活性及其对玉米秸秆木质纤维素的降解能力。研究结果表明,8株菌株在愈创木酚筛选培养基上均表现出较好的木质素降解酶活性,仅菌株Han 577的菌丝圈直径d1与变色圈直径d2之比大于1。菌株An 369、Han 202和Han 474在玉米秸秆上的最大漆酶活性要远远高于其他菌株,分别为(901.11±42.83)、(698.89±42.17)和(843.61±78.82)U/L。白蜡范氏孔菌An 369、云芝栓孔菌An 174、肺形侧耳An 279和硬毛革孔菌Han 474对玉米秸秆的酸不溶木素降解率均大于20%。云芝栓孔菌An 174、肺形侧耳An 279、梨生多年卧孔菌Han 202对玉米秸秆的纤维素降解率均大于20%。迷宫栓孔菌An 360和肺形侧耳An 279对玉米秸秆半纤维素降解率则大于40%。整体来看,肺形侧耳An 279表现出较好的秸秆降解效率。The ligninase producing capacity of 8 wild white-rot fungal strains was screened by guaiacol screening medium,and the laccase activity and lignocellulose degradation capability of degrading corn straw of the strains initially screened were investigated during solid state fermentation.The 8 strains showed good lignin-degrading enzyme activities on guaiacol screening medium.Only the ratio of colony diameter d1 to photochramic laps d2 of strain Han 577 was greater than 1.The maximum laccase activity of strains An 369,Han 202 and Han 474 on degrading corn straw was(901.11±42.83),(698.89±42.17)and(843.61±78.82)U/L,respectively.The acid insoluble lignin degradation rates of corn straw by Vanderbylia fraxinea An 369,Trametes versicolor An 174,Pleurotus pulmonarius An 279 and Coriolopsis trogii Han 474 were all more than 20%.The cellulose degradation rates of corn straw by T.versicolor An 174,P.pulmonarius An 279 and Perenniporia pyricola Han 202 were all more than 20%.The hemicellulose degradation rates of corn straw by T.gibbosa An 360 and P.pulmonarius An 279 were all more than 40%.On the whole,P.pulmonarius An 279 exhibited the best corn straw degradation efficiency.

关 键 词：白腐真菌 木质纤维素降解 玉米秸秆 筛选 酶活 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X71