美国汉学界《易经》诠释的思想史转向——立足于林理彰的王弼《周易注》译本的考察  

The Turn of Intellectual History in the Interpretation of I Ching in American Sinology Academic Circle——Based on the Investigation of Lin Lizhang's(Richard John Lynn)Translation of Wang Bi's Annotation about Zhou Yi

作　　者：吴礼敬 Wu Lijing

机构地区：[1]合肥师范学院外国语学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《中华文化论坛》2023年第1期84-94,187,188,共13页Journal of Chinese Culture

基　　金：安徽高校人文社会科学研究重点项目“夏含夷与《易经》的语境化译解”(项目编号:SK2021-A0500);合肥师范学院研究生导师重点科研项目“诠释学视域下《易经》在英语世界的翻译实践和效果研究”(项目编号:DSKY13)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：从20世纪90年代开始,美国汉学界的《易经》研究逐渐兴起一股由“经”到“传”的诠释转向,研究者不再致力于翻译和解释《易经》的“真正含义”或“内在含义”,而是转向历代的《易经》注疏。他们认为并不存在一个单数的《易经》诠释定本,而是有多少《易经》注疏,就有多少不同的《易经》版本,并主张以历史的眼光、从注疏者的角度来理解和解释《易经》,这反映出美国汉学界《易经》诠释的思想史转向,其代表人物主要有苏德凯、艾周思、林理彰、何茂康等人。这一思想史转向是在美国的中国历史研究由“西方中心主义”向“以中国为中心”的范式转变的背景下发生的,同时也是对卫-贝译本长期确立的将《易经》视为“智慧之书”的挑战和反叛。强调“以中国为中心”的《易经》注疏翻译有助于人们认清《易经》的复杂性质,动态地把握中国思想的内涵和特征,但在具体实践中也存在着如何做到对古人学说具备“了解之同情”、翻译时如何区分经典文本自身与注疏者理解之间的差异这样的困难和矛盾。从学术研究层面来看,美国《易经》诠释的思想史转向具有积极的意义;但从《易经》的海外传播来看,卫-贝译本所代表的民用方向仍然具有不可替代的重要价值。Since the 90s of the 20th century,the studies on the I Ching in American academic circle of Sinology has gradually emerged a shift in interpretating from"jing(the Book of Spring&Autumn edited by Confucius)"to"zhuan(the Interpretation of Confucius'Book of Spring&Autumn given by Zuo Qiuming)",and researchers are no longer committed to translating and interpreting the"true meaning"or"inner meaning"of the I Ching,but turn to the commentaries and annotations of I Ching from all generations.They think that there is no singular definitive version of the interpretation of the I Ching,but as many different versions of the I Ching as there are commentaries and annotations,and advocate understanding and interpreting the I Ching from a historical perspective and from the viewpoints of commentators,which reflects the intellectual historical turn of the interpretation of the I Ching in the American sinology academic circle,and the representative figures mainly include Su Dekai(Kidder Smith),Ai Zhousi(Joseph A.Adler),Lin Lizhang(Richard John Lynn),He Maokang(Michael Harrington)and others.This turn in intellectual history takes place against the backdrop of a paradigm shift in Chinese historical research in the United States from"Western-centralism"to"Chinese-centralism,"and simultaneously it's a challenge and rebellion against the long-established view of the I Ching as"a book of wisdom"of Wei-Beis(Richard Wilhelm&Debra A.Hayes)translation.The translations of the I Ching&the annotations that emphasis on taking"China as the center"help people to recognize the complex nature of the I Ching and dynamically grasp the connotations and characteristics of Chinese thought,but in concrete practice,there are still existing difficulties and contradictions such as how to have"empathy for understanding"for the theories of the ancient scholars and how to distinguish the differences between the classical texts themselves and the comprehension of the commentators when translating.From the perspective of academic research,the turn in intellectu

关 键 词：《易经》 王弼 林理彰 思想史 汉学 

分 类 号：B221[哲学宗教—中国哲学]