青藏高原与中国西北干旱区地面感热季节增强时间的差异及相互关系  

The Difference and Correlation of Seasonal Enhancement Time of Surface Sensible Heat between the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the Arid Region of Northwest China

作　　者：王蕊 李栋梁[2] 王慧[2] 卢国阳[1] 刘丽伟 黄鹏程 WANG Rui;LI Dongliang;WANG Hui;LU Guoyang;LIU Liwei;HUANG Pengcheng(Lanzhou Regional Climate Center,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China;College of Atmospheric Science,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology/Collatborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster,Ministry of Education,Nanjing 210044,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州区域气候中心,甘肃兰州730020 [2]南京信息工程大学/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/气象灾害教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《高原气象》2023年第2期283-293,共11页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U20A2098);中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所干旱基金项目(IAM202109);“一带一路”太阳能高辐射区光能开发潜力与利用效率评估应用项目(2020C-34)。

摘　　要：利用1982-2015年中国西北干旱区88个、青藏高原中东部70个常规气象站逐日地表感热通量计算资料,分析了青藏高原和中国西北干旱区地表感热的气候差异特征及其相互关系。结果表明:(1)青藏高原在春季感热增强的时间普遍早于中国西北干旱区,干旱区春季感热异常增强时间偏早(晚)的地方,在秋季感热异常减弱的时间也更偏早(晚)。(2)青藏高原感热全年表现为正值,春季感热最强,夏季次之;西北干旱区感热冬季表现为弱的负值,夏季感热最强。春季青藏高原感热呈东部偏弱(强)、西部偏强(弱)的分布时,夏季塔里木盆地及其东北部、甘肃西南部以及宁夏平原等干旱区感热偏弱(强)。(3)当青藏高原感热增强时间呈西北部偏早(晚)、东南部偏晚(早)分布时,中国西北干旱区的塔里木盆地南部以及甘肃北部感热增强时间偏早(晚),准噶尔盆地感热增强时间偏晚(早)。这一研究结果对进一步认识青藏高原和中国西北干旱区下垫面感热通量及陆气相互作用的时空变化特征,为青藏高原草地生态系统的保护及东亚气候的预测提供理论依据。The climatic characteristics of surface sensible heat over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QXP)and the arid area of northwest China are analyzed by utilizing the calculated data of daily surface sensible heat fluxes which come from 88 meteorological stations in the arid area of northwest China and 70 conventional meteorological stations in the central and eastern part of the QXP during 1982-2015.The results show that:(1)The time of sensible heat enhancement over the QXP in spring is generally earlier than that in the arid area of northwest China,and in the arid area of northwest China,the abnormal weakening of sensible heat in autumn occurred earlier in where the abnormal sensible heat enhancement happens earlier.(2)The sensible heat over the QXP is a heat source throughout the year,with the strongest in spring,followed by summer.The sensible heat in the arid area of northwest China presents a single peak type,with weak cold source in winter and strongest sensible heat in summer.While the sensible heat over the QXP is weaker(stronger)in the east and stronger(weaker)in the west in spring,the sensible heat over the Tarim Basin and its northeast,southwest Gansu and Ningxia plain is weaker(stronger)in summer.(3)When the sensible heat enhancement time of the QXP is earlier(later)in the northwest and later(earlier)in the southeast,the sensible heat enhancement time in the south of Tarim Basin and the north of Gansu is earlier(later),while the sensible heat enhancement time in Jungeer Basin is later(earlier).The results present a further understanding of the temporal and spatial variation of sensible heat fluxes and landair interaction over the QXP and the arid area of northwest China,as well as provide a theoretical basis for the protection of grassland ecosystem on the QXP and the prediction of east Asian climate.

关 键 词：青藏高原 西北干旱区 地表感热通量 相互作用 

分 类 号：P422[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]