空气质量与城市劳动力供给——基于居民退休意愿的视角  

Air Quality and Urban Labor Supply--From the Perspective of Residents'Retirement Intention

作　　者：倪一宁 马野青[1] 王自锋[2] NI Yi-ning;MA Ye-qing;WANG Zi-feng(Business School,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093;School of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学商学院,江苏南京210093 [2]南开大学经济学院,天津300071

出　　处：《山西财经大学学报》2023年第4期1-15,共15页Journal of Shanxi University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(22JJD790035);国家自然科学基金青年项目(71803079)。

摘　　要：基于居民退休意愿的视角,在空气质量与城市劳动力供给间建立了理论联系,并使用中国健康与养老追踪调查数据考察了空气质量对居民退休意愿的影响。研究发现,空气质量变差会通过环境舒适度的直接渠道引致居民退休意愿上升。进一步,空气污染加重会使得女性居民、农村居民、高学历居民、高收入居民和拥有高养老金居民选择提前退休的意愿更强烈。机制分析表明:空气质量变差会使得企业改变不同群体职工的工资和福利,从而影响居民的退休意愿;空气质量恶化直接关系到职工健康,会使得企业改变职工的医疗保险费用,从而显著影响居民的退休意愿。Based on the perspective of residents'retirement intention,this paper established a theoretical link between air quality and urban labor supply,and investigated the impact of air quality on residents'retirement intention using the data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.It found that the deterioration of air quality would cause the increase of residents'retirement intention through the direct channel of environmental comfort.Furthermore,the deterioration of air quality might make female residents,rural residents,highly educated residents,high-income residents and the residents with higher pension be more willing to choose early retirement.Mechanism analysis suggested that,the deterioration of air quality caused firms to change the wages and benefits of different groups of employees,and then affected residents'retirement intention.Moreover,the deterioration of air quality was directly related to employee health,which might then lead firms to change the cost of medical insurance for employees,consequently,significantly affected residents'retirement intention.

关 键 词：空气质量 城市劳动力供给 居民退休意愿 职工健康 医疗保险 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济] F241