论吴敬梓与清乾隆初期诗坛之关系——以《儒林外史》支剑峰、浦墨卿原型人物考论为中心  

On the Relationship between Wu Jingzi and the Poetic Circles at the Early Stage of Qianlong's Reign(1736-96):Based on the Studies of the Archetypes of Zhi Jianfeng and Pu Moqing in The Scholars

作　　者：叶楚炎[1] Ye Chuyan

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学文学院

出　　处：《中国文化研究》2023年第1期86-100,共15页Chinese Culture Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“《儒林外史》原型人物考论”(19FZWB004)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在清代诗坛享有盛名的厉鹗、杭世骏就是《儒林外史》中支剑峰、浦墨卿的原型,通过对这两个原型人物及其所属士人群落的探讨,我们可以看到小说人物及其相关情节的生发过程,同时也能够更为清晰地观照西湖名士群的内涵和意蕴。吴敬梓将厉鹗、杭世骏写入小说,不仅反映出他对于乾隆初期诗坛的观感与认识,也曲折地呈现出他与当时诗坛之间的关系:其既是一个诗人,并与“诗界中心地”的其他士人有较为频繁的接触,却又远离诗坛的主流,处于边缘者的位置。这一边缘位置对于诗歌写作颇受友人赞誉的吴敬梓而言当然是尴尬的,但从小说创作的角度看,却使吴敬梓获得了别样的契机。Li E and Hang Shijun,two celebrated poets in the poetic circles of the Qing Dynasty,are the archetypes of Zhi Jianfeng and Pu Moqing in The Scholars.Through researches on the two archetypes and their community of scholars,we can learn of how the fictional characters and related plots are created.Besides,the spirit and ethos of the West Lake celebrities can also be better revealed.The fact that Wu adopts Li and Hang into his fiction manifests Wu's attitude and judgment about the poetic circles at the early stage of Qianlong's Reign.It also gives a hint at the relationship between Wu and the contemporary poetic circles.Being a poet himself,Wu had frequent contacts with other scholars who occupied a central place in the poetic circles.Meanwhile,he is only a marginal player,far from entering the mainstream circle.Such a marginal status,if embarrassing to Wu,a highly-commended figure by friends for his poetic composition,turned out to be a blessing for him from the viewpoint of fictional creation.

关 键 词：厉鹗 杭世骏 《儒林外史》 吴敬梓 

分 类 号：I242[文学—中国文学]