高储能聚合物电介质材料研究进展  

Research Progress of High Energy Storage Dielectric Polymer Materials

作　　者：刘文凤[1] 刘标 程璐 LIU Wenfeng;LIU Biao;CHENG Lu(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《高电压技术》2023年第3期1046-1054,共9页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国防科技基础加强计划项目(173重点项目)(2121-JCJQ-JJ-1320)。

摘　　要：储能薄膜电容器因其功率密度高、工作电压高、自愈特性好以及可靠性高的优势,被广泛应用于智能电网、电动汽车和电力调节中。但聚合物电介质材料偏低的储能密度和较大的介电损耗限制了储能薄膜电容器的轻量化、小型化以及可靠性发展。文章综述了基于优化复合电介质材料高储能密度和低介电损耗的最新研究进展,涉及复合电介质材料的结构特性、介电性能、电气强度以及储能机理,比较和分析了提高聚合物电介质材料储能特性的几种常用策略,包括多组分无机填料共填充、纳米表面改性、多层结构复合、分子结构设计、薄膜表面沉积涂覆等方法对其储能特性的提升规律与调控机制,最后对高储能聚合物电介质材料的现存问题以及未来发展方向进行了总结与展望。Energy storage film capacitors,which possess an ultrahigh power density,high operating voltage,high self-healing and high reliability,are widely applied in smart grids,electric vehicles,and power conditioning.However,the low energy storage density and large dielectric loss of polymer dielectric materials limit the development of lightweight,miniaturization and reliability of energy storage film capacitors.In this paper,the latest research progress based on optimization of composite dielectric materials with high energy storage density and low dielectric loss is reviewed,involving the structural properties,dielectric properties,electrical strength and energy storage mechanism of composite dielectric materials.Several factors for improving the energy storage characteristics of polymer dielectric materials are compared and analyzed.A variety of strategies are also analyzed,including multi-component inorganic filler co-filling,nano surface modification,multi-layer structure composite,molecular structure design,surface deposition coating and other methods for improving the energy storage characteristics and regulation mechanism.Finally,the existing challenges and future directions of high energy storage polymer dielectric materials are summarized and prospected.

关 键 词：聚合物材料 复合电介质 高储能密度 低介电损耗 电气强度 

分 类 号：TM53[电气工程—电器] TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业]