基于BP神经网络预测北京市加油站周边土壤多环芳烃含量  

Prediction of PAHs Content in Soil Around Gas Stations in Beijing Based on BP Neural Network

作　　者：马赛炎 魏海英[1] 马瑾[2] 刘奇缘 吴颐杭 屈雅静 田雨欣 赵文浩 MA Sai-yan;WEI Hai-ying;MA Jin;LIU Qi-yuan;WU Yi-hang;QU Ya-jing;TIAN Yu-xin;ZHAO Wen-hao(College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学环境与资源学院,太原030006 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第4期2215-2222,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1804601);国家自然科学基金项目(42177221)。

摘　　要：随着我国城市化进程的迅速发展,城市中加油站数量越来越多,加油站油品的成分含量复杂多样,在石油逸散过程中会生成一系列污染物.加油站产生的多环芳烃(PAHs)会污染其附近土壤,同时对人体健康产生影响.收集了北京市117个加油站附近的土壤样品(0~20 cm),分析了7种PAHs的含量,基于BP神经网络模型,预测了2025年和2030年北京市加油站土壤PAHs含量.结果表明,7种ω(PAHs)范围在0.01~3.53 mg·kg^(-1)之间,与《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》(GB 36600-2018)中土壤污染风险筛选值比较,PAHs含量低于该指标,同时上述7种PAHs的毒性当量(TEQ)均低于世界卫生组织(WHO)的标准值(1 mg·kg^(-1)),表明它们对人体健康有较低风险.预测结果显示,快速发展的城市化与土壤PAHs含量的增加具有正相关的关系,至2030年,北京市加油站土壤PAHs的含量将持续增长.2025年和2030年北京市加油站土壤中ω(PAHs)的范围分别为0.085~4.077 mg·kg^(-1)和0.132~4.412 mg·kg^(-1),7种PAHs的含量均低于(GB 36600-2018)土壤污染风险筛选值,但是PAHs的含量会随着时间呈现上升的趋势,其中朝阳、丰台和海淀PAHs含量较高,需重点关注.With the rapid development of urbanization in China,the number of gas stations in cities is increasing.The composition of oil products in gas stations is complex and diverse,and a series of pollutants will be generated in the process of oil diffusion.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)produced by gas stations can pollute the nearby soil and affect human health.In this study,soil samples(0-20 cm)near 117 gas stations in Beijing were collected,and the contents of seven PAHs were analyzed.Based on the BP neural network model,the contents of PAHs in soil of Beijing gas stations in 2025 and 2030 were predicted.The results showed that the total concentrations of the seven PAHs were 0.01-3.53 mg·kg^(-1).The concentrations of PAHs were lower than the soil environmental quality risk control standard for soil contamination of development land(Trial)GB 36600-2018.At the same time,the toxic equivalent concentrations(TEQ)of the above seven PAHs were lower than the standard value(1 mg·kg^(-1))of the World Health Organization(WHO),which they indicate a lower risk to human health.The prediction results showed that the rapid development of urbanization had a positive correlation with the increase in soil PAHs content.By 2030,the content of PAHs in Beijing gas station soil will continue to grow.The predicted concentrations of PAHs in the soil of Beijing gas stations in 2025 and 2030 were 0.085-4.077 mg·kg^(-1)and 0.132-4.412 mg·kg^(-1),respectively.The contents of seven PAHs were lower than the soil pollution risk screening value of GB 36600-2018;however,the concentration of PAHs increased over time.The contents of PAHs in Chaoyang,Fengtai,and Haidian were relatively higher,which requires further attention.

关 键 词：土壤 加油站 多环芳烃(PAHs) BP神经网络 预测 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]