运用SPME-GC-MS技术探索微生物菌剂对猪粪除臭效果  

SPME-GC-MS technique was used to explore the deodorization effect of microbial agent on pig manure

作　　者：宋亚琼[1] 徐道青[1] 刘小玲[1] 孙霞 陈敏[1] SONG Yaqiong;XU Daoqing;LIU Xiaoling;SUN Xia;CHEN Min(Cotton Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院棉花研究所,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《再生资源与循环经济》2023年第4期38-43,共6页Recyclable Resources and Circular Economy

基　　金：安徽省科技重大专项“畜禽粪污资源化生产作物专用配方有机肥及产业化”(202003a06020003);安徽省重点研发计划“利用养猪场粪污生产作物专用有机肥关键技术研究及示范应用”(202104a06020020);安徽省农业科学院团队项目(2022YL018)。

摘　　要：生猪养殖在我国畜牧业中占有重要地位,但现阶段集约化规模化养殖产生的粪污污染问题,制约着生猪养殖产业的可持续发展。为明确猪粪粪污臭气构成,有效控制和治理猪粪臭味带来的环境影响问题,利用SPME-GC-MS(顶空固相微萃取),对发酵30 d猪粪粪污的气体成分追踪和分析添加不同微生物菌剂。实验结果表明,猪粪粪污出现强烈的臭味和刺激性的挥发性气体成分主要由硫化物、醚类、醛类、含苯化合物和酮类构成,完全发酵后不仅没有了猪粪的恶臭味,反而散发出类似青草的香味以及木香味,这些主要由醚类和醛类组成。温度是决定微生物种群相对优势、评价堆肥效果的重要指标。3种微生物菌剂中解淀粉芽孢杆菌堆肥发酵的增温效果最快,对猪粪粪污除臭效果较好、臭味消除时间较快,为重点研发复合除臭菌剂,并优化添加条件与复合比例,以达到最优的除臭效果奠定了坚实的理论基础。Pig breeding plays an important role in livestock husbandry in our country,but at the present stage intensive large-scale breeding of manure pollution problem,which restricts the sustainable development of pig breeding industry.In order to clarify the composition of pig manure odor and effectively control and control the environmental impact caused by pig manure odor,SPME-GC-MS(Headspace solid phase microextraction)was used to trace and analyze the gas composition of pig manure after 30 days of fermentation with different microbial agents.The experimental results show that the pig waste appear strong odor and irritation of volatile gas composition is mainly composed of sulfide,ethers,aldehydes,benzene compounds constitute and ketones,complete after fermentation not only without the stench of pig,it sends out a similar to the fragrance of grass and wood,the main consists of ethers and aldehydes.Temperature is an important index to determine the relative dominance of microbial population and evaluate the effect of composting.Among the three microbial agents,Bacillus amyloliformis compost fermentation has the fastest warming effect,has a better deodorization effect on pig manure,and has a faster odor elimination time,it lays a solid theoretical foundation for the research and development of compound deodorant and the optimization of adding conditions and compound ratio to achieve the optimal deodorant effect.

关 键 词：环境污染 除臭 顶空固相微萃取 臭味成分 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]