饲粮代谢能水平对14~17周龄不同性别北京油鸡育肥期生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Dietary Metabolizable Energy Level on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Meat Quality and Serum Biochemical Indices of Beijing You Chickens of Different Genders from 14 to 17 Weeks of Age during Fattening Period

作　　者：刘雄杰 耿爱莲[2] 常枨 张尧[2] 初芹[2] 张剑[2] 晏志勋[2] 张小月[2] 丁保安[1] 刘华贵[2] LIU Xiongjie;GENG Ailian;CHANG Cheng;ZHANG Yao;CHU Qin;ZHANG Jian;YAN Zhixun;ZHANG Xiaoyue;DING Baoan;LIU Huagui(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,西宁810016 [2]北京市农林科学院畜牧兽医研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第4期2251-2263,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-41-Z04);现代农业产业技术体系北京市家禽创新团队(BAIC06-2022-G02)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮代谢能水平对14~17周龄不同性别北京油鸡育肥期生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响,为确定北京油鸡适宜饲粮代谢能水平提供依据。本试验严格按照完全随机区组试验设计进行。选取13周龄北京油鸡600只,公母各占1/2,根据体重一致原则随机分为6组,其中3个组均为公鸡,另外3个组均为母鸡,每组5个重复,每个重复20只。3个组分别为低代谢能组(饲粮代谢能水平为12.20 MJ/kg)、中代谢能组(饲粮代谢能水平为12.64 MJ/kg)、高代谢能组(饲粮代谢能水平为13.08 MJ/kg)。预试期1周,正试期4周(14~17周龄)。结果显示:1)高代谢能组公鸡和母鸡的平均日增重显著高于其他2组(P<0.05),且高代谢能组母鸡的料重比显著低于其他2组(P<0.05),饲粮代谢能水平为13.08 MJ/kg时公鸡和母鸡有较好的生长性能。2)公鸡方面,低代谢能组的腿肌率显著高于其他2组(P<0.05);母鸡方面,低代谢能组的全净膛率显著高于高代谢能组(P<0.05),翅膀率显著低于高代谢能组(P<0.05)。低代谢能组公鸡和母鸡的皮脂厚度显著低于其他2组(P<0.05)。饲粮代谢能水平对公鸡和母鸡的屠宰率、半净膛率、胸肌率、腹脂率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)公鸡方面,低代谢能组的胸肌和腿肌蒸煮损失显著低于其他2组(P<0.05),胸肌粗蛋白质含量显著高于其他2组(P<0.05);中代谢能组的胸肌和腿肌水分含量显著低于其他2组(P<0.05),高代谢能组腿肌pH 24 h显著高于其他2组(P<0.05);母鸡方面,高代谢能组的胸肌和腿肌蒸煮损失显著高于其他2组(P<0.01),胸肌水分、粗蛋白质含量显著低于其他2组(P<0.05),低代谢能组的胸肌粗脂肪含量显著低于其他2组(P<0.05),中代谢能组的胸肌pH 24 h显著低于其他2组(P<0.05),腿肌pH 24 h显著高于低代谢能组(P<0.05)。饲粮代谢能水平对公鸡和母鸡胸肌和腿肌滴水损失无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)高代谢能组This study was conducted to study the effects of dietary metabolizable energy(ME)level on growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and serum biochemical parameters of Beijing You chickens of different genders at the age of 14 to 17 weeks during the fattening period,so as to provide a basis for determining the appropriate level of ME in the diet of Beijing You chickens.The study was conducted in a randomized complete block design.Six hundred 13-week-old Beijing You chickens were selected,half rooster and half hen.They were randomly divided into 6 groups according to the principle of body weight consistency,with 5 replicates in each group and 20 chickens in each replicate.Three of the groups were roosters,and the other three groups were hens.The three groups were low ME group(dietary ME level was 12.20 MJ/kg),medium ME group(dietary ME level was 12.64 MJ/kg),and high ME group(dietary ME level was 13.08 MJ/kg).The pre-feeding period was 1 week and the experimental period was 4 weeks(14 to 17 weeks of age).The results showed as follows:1)the average daily gain of roosters and hens in the high ME group was significantly higher than that of the other two groups(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio of hens in the high ME group was significantly lower than that of the other two groups(P<0.05).When the dietary ME level was 13.08 MJ/kg,the growth performance was better.2)For roosters,the leg muscle rate of the low ME group was significantly higher than that of the other two groups(P<0.05);for hens,the eviscerated rate of the low ME group was significantly higher than that of the high ME group(P<0.05),while the wing rate was significantly lower than that of the high ME group(P<0.05).The sebum thickness of the roosters and hens in the low ME group was significantly lower than that of the other two groups(P<0.05).Dietary ME level had no significant differences in dressing percentage,semi-eviscerated carcass percentage,breast muscle percentage and abdominal fat percentage of roosters and hens(P>0.05).3)For roosters,

关 键 词：北京油鸡 育肥期 代谢能 生长性能 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]