“实然”“应然”“未然”——马克思对康德道德伦理思想的超越  

"Reality""Necessary Approaches"and"Ideal"——Marx's Development of Kant's Moral and Ethical Thoughts

作　　者：汪慧 杨伟涛 WANG Hui;YANG Weitao(School of Public Administration,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Marxism,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学马克思主义学院,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学哲学学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《信阳师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第3期38-41,87,共5页Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目(16BZX092);河南省高校社会科学基础研究重大项目(2017-zczd-001)。

摘　　要：马克思将道德作为源于社会生活的意识形态,而非康德道德哲学中超历史、超阶级的普遍真理。在社会实践基础上,马克思将康德先验纯粹理性下的道德实践拉回现实,把道德原则归于不断被发现、发展的符合人类利益的道德公理,通过建立共产主义社会,以“非道德”的手段实现人类终极状态之“至善”,超越了康德以“理性”架构的“理想”世界。马克思对康德道德伦理思想的发展对于我们直面现代道德伦理,解决现代道德危机具有重要意义。Marx regards morality as an ideology derived from social life,rather than Kant's moral philosophy of the universal truth beyond history and class.On the basis of social practice,the practice under Kant's transcendental pure rationality is pulled back to reality,and the moral principle is ascribe to the moral axioms which are constantly discovered and developed in line with human interests.In the end,through the establishment of the communist society in the real proletarian revolution,the"supreme good"of the ultimate state of human beings is realized by means of"non-morality",which surpasses the"ideal"world framed by Kant's"rationality".Marx's development of Kant's moral and ethical thoughts is of great significance for us to face the modern moral ethics and solve the modern moral crisis.

关 键 词：马克思 康德 道德 伦理 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]