三门峡黄河湿地沉积物理化特征及影响因素分析  

Physicochemical Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Sediment in Sanmenxia Yellow River Wetland

作　　者：周亦桥 杨帆 官庆松 李涛 李庆斌 Zhou Yiqiao;Yang Fan;Guan Qingsong;Li Tao;Li Qingbin(School of Applied Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Sanmenxia,Henan 472000,China;Sanmenxia City Yellow River Wetland Environment and Ecological Repair Engineering Technology Research Center,Sanmenxia,Henan 472000,China;National Key Laboratory of Water Sand Science and Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学应用工程学院,河南三门峡472000 [2]三门峡市黄河湿地环境过程与生态修复工程技术研究中心,河南三门峡472000 [3]水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100000

出　　处：《绿色科技》2023年第6期11-15,57,共6页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(编号:202102310351);水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室开放研究基金(编号:sklhse-2021-C-05)。

摘　　要：研究湿地沉积物理化特征对湿地氮汇能力有重要意义。以三门峡黄河湿地为典型研究区域,分别对天然湿地与向日葵农作区湿地进行了测定,分析了三门峡库区湿地水沉积物特征。结果表明:三门峡黄河湿地水体呈弱碱性、含氧量高。沉积物中营养物质匮乏,TON含量低于0.1%,TOC含量低于0.5%。沉积物中无机氮以氨氮积累为主。在向日葵豆种植区域内,受人工施肥的影响,沉积物无机氮含量远高于天然湿地,其中氨氮最大值为6.27±0.36 mg/kg,硝氮最大值为7.51±0.97 mg/kg。在天然湿地中氮流失主要为反硝化,以表层反硝化速率最快为1.09 mg N/(kg·d)。在人工种植区域内,湿地氮流失主要为厌氧氨氧化,表层厌氧氨氧化速率最快为0.14 mg N/(kg·d)。The study on the physical and chemical characteristics of wetland sedimentation was great significance to the nitrogen sink capacity of wetland.Taking the Yellow River Wetland in Sanmenxia as a typical study area,this paper measured natural wetland and sunflower farming wetland respectively,and analyzed the characteristics of wetland water and sediment in Sanmenxia reservoir area.The results show that the water body of Sanmenxia Yellow River wetland was weakly alkaline and had high oxygen content.Nutrients were scarce in sediments,with TON content less than 0.1%and TOC content less than 0.5%.The accumulation of inorganic nitrogen in sediments was mainly ammonia nitrogen.Affected by artificial fertilization,the inorganic nitrogen content of sediment was much higher than that of natural wetland,in which the maximum value of ammonia nitrogen was 6.27±0.36 mg/kg,and the maximum value of nitrate nitrogen was 7.51±0.97 mg/kg in the sunflower bean planting area.In the natural wetland,nitrogen loss was mainly denitrification,and the surface denitrification rate was the fastest 1.09 mg N/(kg·d).In the artificial planting area,the nitrogen loss of wetland was mainly anaerobic ammonia oxidation,and the surface anaerobic ammonia oxidation rate was the fastest 0.14 mg N/(kg·d).

关 键 词：黄河湿地 三门峡库区 沉积物特征 

分 类 号：X131.12[环境科学与工程—环境科学]