黄淮麦区旱肥地小麦新品种(系)苗期抗旱性初步鉴定与分类  

New Wheat Varieties(Lines)in Dry and Fertile Land in Huang-Huai Wheat Area:Preliminary Identification and Classification of Drought Resistance at Seedling Stage

作　　者：孙宪印[1] 米勇[1] 牟秋焕[1] 吕广德 亓晓蕾[1] 孙盈盈 尹逊栋 王瑞霞[1] 吴科[1] 钱兆国[1] SUN Xianyin;MI Yong;MU Qiuhuan;LV Guangde;QI Xiaolei;SUN Yingying;YIN Xundong;WANG Ruixia;WU Ke;QIAN Zhaoguo(Tai’an Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tai’an 271000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]泰安市农业科学院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《农学学报》2023年第4期9-17,共9页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系泰安小麦综合试验站(CARS-3-66);山东省现代农业产业技术体系小麦创新团队遗传育种岗位项目(SDAIT-01-04);山东省重点研发计划项目“节水高产广适小麦新品种选育与配套栽培技术研究”(2018GNC2302);泰安市科科技创新发展项目“节水高产小麦新品种选育与绿色高效栽培技术研究”(2019NS078),“基于SNP分子标记泰科麦系列小麦重要产量性状的关联分析”(2020NS068)。

摘　　要：了解黄淮麦区旱肥地小麦节水新品种系的抗旱性,有利于小麦推广和在育种中的应用。以50份近年黄淮旱肥地小麦品种系为试验材料,在15%PEG-6000(聚乙二醇)溶液模拟干旱胁迫下,测定种子发芽率、苗高、叶绿素含量的变化,并进行抗旱性评价和分类。结果表明:胁迫条件下小麦种子发芽率、苗高与其苗期抗旱性显著相关;50份材料分为4类,分别为4份高抗旱型种质(D值为0.8255~0.9980),10份抗旱型种质(D值为0.6516~0.7270),28份干旱敏感型种质(D值为0.4941~0.6354),8份干旱高敏感型种质(D值为0.3079~0.4676);相较于平均隶属函数值评价抗旱性,采用D值大小评价并结合最长距离法系统聚类分析,可以比较合理、直观地呈现分类结果。据此,实验明确了在15%PEG-6000胁迫下,发芽率、苗高可以作为评价苗期抗旱能力的主要指标;区分了50份不同品种系的抗旱性,可为抗旱节水品种选育、推广提供依据。Understanding the drought resistance of new water-saving wheat varieties in dry and fertile land of Huang-Huai wheat area is conducive to wheat variety popularization and breeding.Under the condition of simulated drought stress with 15%PEG-6000(polyethylene glycol)solution,50 wheat varieties(lines)of recent years were used as experimental materials to measure the changes of seed germination rate,seedling height and chlorophyll content,and to evaluate and classify the drought resistance.The results showed that wheat seed germination rate and seedling height were significantly correlated with drought resistance at seedling stage under the stress.The 50 materials were divided into 4 categories,including 4 highly drought resistant germplasms(D value of 0.8255-0.9980),10 drought resistant germplasms(D value of 0.6516-0.7270),28 drought sensitive germplasms(D value of 0.4941-0.6354),and 8 highly drought sensitive germplasms(D value of 0.3079-0.4676).Compared with using average membership function value to evaluate the drought resistance,the classification results could be reasonably and intuitively presented by using the D value evaluation combined with the longest distance system cluster analysis.Therefore,the experiment confirmed that under the stress of 15%PEG-6000,the germination rate and seedling height of wheat could be used as the main indicators to evaluate the drought-resistance ability at seedling stage.The drought resistance of the 50 varieties(lines)was distinguished,which could provide a basis for the selection and promotion of drought-resistant and water-saving varieties.

关 键 词：小麦 旱肥地 苗期 抗旱性 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]