mRNA alternative polyadenylation (APA) in regulation of gene expression and diseases  

作　　者：Siyao Guo Shuibin Lin 

机构地区：[1]Center for Translational Medicine,Precision Medicine Institute,The First Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510080,China [2]State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Guangzhou,Guangdong510060,China

出　　处：《Genes & Diseases》2023年第1期165-174,共10页基因与疾病（英文）

基　　金：This research was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81922052,81974435,81772999);the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2019B151502011);the Guangzhou People's Livelihood Science and Technology Project,China(No.201903010006).

摘　　要：The mRNA polyadenylation plays essential function in regulation of mRNA metabolism.Mis-regulations of mRNA polyadenylation are frequently linked with aberrant gene expression and disease progression.Under the action of polyadenylate polymerase,poly(A)tail is synthesized after the polyadenylation signal(PAS)sites on the mRNAs.Alternative polyadenylation(APA)often occurs in mRNAs with multiple poly(A)sites,producing different 3'ends for transcript variants,and therefore plays important functions in gene expression regulation.In this review,we first summarize the classical process of mRNA 3'-terminal formation and discuss the length control mechanisms of poly(A)innucleus and cytoplasm.Thenwe review the research progress on alternative polyadenylation regulation and the APA site selection mechanism.Finally,we summarize the functional roles of APA in the regulation of gene expression and diseases including cancers.

关 键 词：Alternative polyadenylation(APA) Cancer Gene expression mRNA polyadenylation POLY(A) 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]