核用小直径传热管自动化衬管焊接系统的研制  

Development of Automatic Liner Welding System for Small Diameter Heat Transfer Tubes for Nuclear Use

作　　者：张美玲 张梦金 刘刚 李栩延 田济语 吴镐东 ZHANG Mei-ling;ZHANG Meng-jin;LIU Gang;LI Xu-yan;TIAN Ji-yu;WU Hao-dong(Equipment Research Institute,China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangdong Shenzhen518100,China;School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]中广核研究院有限公司设备研究所,广东深圳518100 [2]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广州510641

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2023年第5期105-114,共10页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2141216,51875212);深圳市技术攻关项目(JSGG20191118102201716,JSGG20201201100401005);广东省海洋经济发展(海洋六大产业)专项资金(GDNRC[2021]46号)。

摘　　要：目的针对核用小直径传热管长期服役于高温高压环境时易产生表面腐蚀缺陷等问题,研制一套自动化衬管焊接系统,以高效修复腐蚀传热管,并验证该焊接系统的可行性。方法采用以STM32F405RGT6微处理器为控制核心、植入FreeRTOS实时操作系统的方式设计了一款焊接控制系统;以微型TIG焊枪为执行机构、数字化焊接电源为功率输出设备,研制了一套自动化衬管焊接系统;最后以304不锈钢管为试样进行了衬管脉冲焊接试验。结果焊接试验过程稳定,无断弧现象,得到的焊缝衬管完全焊透,基管适度熔透,焊缝成形良好。可通过调整基值电流、峰值电流、脉冲频率和占空比等参数调控焊接热输入,获得优质的焊缝。结论研制的微型焊枪可适应传热管内部的狭小焊接工况;焊接电源能够满足焊接过程中的能量需求,提高了焊接过程的动态响应能力;焊接控制系统在硬件和软件层面上实现了焊枪和焊接电源的宏观调度,能够对焊接波形进行精细化调控。所研制的衬管焊接系统各项性能优秀,满足压水堆核用蒸汽发生器水箱内不锈钢传热管内衬管焊接高质量修复的需求。The work aims to propose an automatic liner welding system to solve the corrosion defects on the surface of small-diameter heat transfer tubes for nuclear use,repair the corroded heat transfer tubes and verify the feasibility of the welding system.With STM32F405RGT6 microprocessor as the control core,a welding control system was developed by implanting the FreeRTOS real-time operating system.With micro TIG welding gun as the actuator and a digital welding power source as the power output device,an automated lining welding system was developed.Finally,the pulse welding experiment of 304 stainless steel tubes was carried out.As a result,the welding process was stable.There was no arc breaking.The weld liner was completely welded.The base pipe was properly melted,and the weld was well formed.The welding heat input can be regulated by adjusting the base current,peak current,pulse frequency and duty ratio to obtain high quality weld.It is found that the developed micro welding torch can adapt to the narrow welding conditions inside the heat transfer tubes.The welding power source meets the energy demand during welding and improves the dynamic response ability of the welding process.The welding control system realizes macroscopic scheduling of the welding torch and the welding power source in terms of both hardware and software,and can regulate the welding waveform fine.The results show that the developed liner welding system has excellent performances and meets the needs of high-quality repair of the stainless steel heat transfer tubes inside water tanks of steam generators for pressurized water reactors.

关 键 词：不锈钢传热管 衬管焊接 微型焊枪 焊接电源 实时操作系统 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]